Zellner Debra A, Loaiza Susan, Gonzalez Zuleyma, Pita Jaclyn, Morales Janira, Pecora Deanna, Wolf Amanda
Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA.
Physiol Behav. 2006 Apr 15;87(4):789-93. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.01.014. Epub 2006 Mar 6.
Two studies investigate the effect of stress on food choice. Experiment 1 demonstrates experimentally that stress causes changes in food choice away from healthy low fat foods (grapes) to less healthy high fat foods (M&Ms), confirming previous survey research. Experiment 2, a survey study, finds that more females than males report increasing food consumption when stressed. A much larger percentage of those who report increasing their food consumption when stressed (71%) are restrained eaters (i.e., dieters) than are people who undereat or who do not change the amount they eat when stressed (35%). The foods that they report overeating when stressed are foods they normally avoid for weight-loss or health reasons (i.e., highly caloric high fat snack foods). They report eating these foods to feel better. Both studies show that stress not only increases consumption in certain individuals but also shifts their food choice from lower fat to higher fat foods.
两项研究调查了压力对食物选择的影响。实验1通过实验证明，压力会导致食物选择发生变化，从健康的低脂食物（葡萄）转向不太健康的高脂食物（M&M's巧克力豆），这证实了之前的调查研究。实验2是一项调查研究，发现报告称压力大时食物摄入量增加的女性多于男性。与压力大时饮食减少或饮食量不变的人（35%）相比，报告称压力大时食物摄入量增加的人（71%）中，节食者（即正在节食的人）占比要大得多。他们报告称压力大时暴饮暴食的食物是出于减肥或健康原因通常会避免的食物（即高热量的高脂零食）。他们表示吃这些食物是为了感觉好一些。两项研究均表明，压力不仅会增加某些人的食物摄入量，还会使他们的食物选择从低脂食物转向高脂食物。
