Mendez Mario F, Chen Andrew K, Shapira Jill S, Lu Po-Huang, Miller Bruce L
Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2006 Winter;18(1):100-7. doi: 10.1176/jnp.18.1.100.
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is characterized by alterations in personality. The nature of the personality changes depend on the localization of the pathology. The authors present three patients with acquired extroversion who met criteria for FTD. All three patients exhibited predominant bilateral temporal involvement as determined with functional neuroimaging. Possible mechanisms for acquired extroversion in bitemporal FTD include bilateral amygdalar damage with decreased interpersonal fear or sense of threat, orbitofrontal-ventromedial damage with social disinhibition, and relative sparing of dorsolateral frontal and anterior cingulate regions with preserved interpersonal agency. FTD can be a vehicle for unraveling the basis of personality characteristics such as the introversion/extroversion dimension.
额颞叶痴呆（FTD）的特征是人格改变。人格改变的性质取决于病变的定位。作者介绍了三名符合FTD标准的获得性外向型患者。通过功能神经影像学检查确定，所有三名患者均表现为双侧颞叶为主的受累。双侧颞叶FTD中获得性外向型的可能机制包括双侧杏仁核损伤导致人际恐惧或威胁感降低、眶额-腹内侧损伤导致社交抑制解除，以及背外侧额叶和前扣带回区域相对保留导致人际能动性保留。FTD可以成为揭示诸如内向/外向维度等人格特征基础的一种手段。
