Browning Laura, Ryan Carey S, Greenberg Martin S, Rolniak Susan
Psychology Department, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
J Behav Med. 2006 Apr;29(2):139-50. doi: 10.1007/s10865-005-9028-1. Epub 2006 Mar 10.
Burnout has traditionally been thought to result from unrealistically high expectations although research has provided only equivocal support. We explored the impact of cognitive adaptation disposition, including mastery, optimism, and self-esteem, on the expectations-burnout relationship. Nurses (N = 341) who were recruited at professional conferences completed questionnaires that assessed cognitive adaptation, burnout, and initial and current expectations of control. As expected, cognitive adaptation predicted fewer unmet expectations of control, which in turn predicted lower burnout. In addition, optimism and self-esteem predicted lower burnout regardless of perceived initial expectations, whereas mastery lessened the negative consequences of initially high expectations on burnout.
传统上认为职业倦怠是由不切实际的高期望导致的，尽管研究仅提供了模棱两可的支持。我们探讨了认知适应倾向（包括掌控感、乐观主义和自尊）对期望与职业倦怠关系的影响。在专业会议上招募的护士（N = 341）完成了评估认知适应、职业倦怠以及对控制的初始和当前期望的问卷。正如预期的那样，认知适应预示着对控制的未满足期望较少，而这反过来又预示着较低的职业倦怠。此外，无论感知到的初始期望如何，乐观主义和自尊都预示着较低的职业倦怠，而掌控感减轻了最初的高期望对职业倦怠的负面影响。
