Geerts Erwin, van Os Titus, Ormel Johan, Bouhuys Netty
Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Depress Anxiety. 2006;23(4):200-9. doi: 10.1002/da.20162.
Unsatisfying interpersonal relationships are involved in the onset and course of depression. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. In this study we investigated the nonverbal communication between 101 patients with remitted depression and interviewers. We related the interaction between the patients' and interviewers' behavior to patients' satisfaction with the interview and to the risk of recurrence of depression. We registered the patients' and interviewers' nonverbal displays of involvement during a clinical interview and assessed the patients' satisfaction with the interview. Possible recurrence of depression was assessed within a 2-year follow-up. Based on findings in healthy people, we hypothesized that the more similar the levels of the patients' and interviewers' behavior became during the interview, the more satisfied the patients would turn out to be. Furthermore, we hypothesized that lack of similarity in the levels of the patients' and interviewers' involvement behavior would predict recurrence of depression. Our hypotheses were confirmed: The more the patients' and interviewers' behavior converged, the more satisfied the patients were with the interview and the lower the risk of recurrence of depression. Satisfaction did not mediate the association between convergence and risk of recurrence. Also, no gender effects were found. We conclude that nonverbal communication processes are involved in the risk of recurrence of depression. Remitted people's difficulties in reaching nonverbal convergence with others may hamper them in their interpersonal functioning and, as a consequence, may put them at risk for new episodes of depression.
人际关系不令人满意与抑郁症的发作和病程有关。然而，其潜在机制却鲜为人知。在本研究中，我们调查了101名缓解期抑郁症患者与访谈者之间的非言语交流。我们将患者与访谈者行为之间的互动与患者对访谈的满意度以及抑郁症复发风险联系起来。我们记录了临床访谈期间患者和访谈者非言语表达的参与度，并评估了患者对访谈的满意度。在2年的随访期内评估抑郁症可能的复发情况。基于对健康人的研究发现，我们假设在访谈过程中患者和访谈者行为水平越相似，患者最终会越满意。此外，我们假设患者和访谈者参与行为水平缺乏相似性会预示抑郁症复发。我们的假设得到了证实：患者和访谈者的行为越趋同，患者对访谈就越满意，抑郁症复发风险就越低。满意度并未介导趋同与复发风险之间的关联。而且，未发现性别效应。我们得出结论，非言语交流过程与抑郁症复发风险有关。缓解期患者在与他人达成非言语趋同方面的困难可能会妨碍他们的人际功能，因此，可能使他们面临新的抑郁发作风险。
