Anjos Anna Cláudia Yokoyama dos, Zago Márcia Maria Fontão
Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2006 Jan-Feb;14(1):33-40. doi: 10.1590/s0104-11692006000100005. Epub 2006 Mar 8.
This study aimed to understand the meaning of chemotherapy from the patient's point of view, based on the postulates of interpretative anthropology and ethnographic case study. A breast cancer patient was selected on the basis of predetermined criteria, the most important of which was that the patient should be initiating the chemotherapy treatment in order to be followed. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews, observations and a field diary. Data analysis involved two phases: first, we identified the units of meaning; then, we organized the meaning attributed to the cancer chemotherapy experience in the patients' point of view, which was the "loss of life control". This meaning stressed the changes in the patient's social role, especially the difficulties to provide financial support to the family and the relationship with her children. This study highlights the importance of nursing care throughout the whole chemotherapy treatment, as well as the importance of nurses recognizing sociocultural influences and including them in the care plan.
本研究旨在基于解释性人类学的假设和民族志案例研究，从患者的角度理解化疗的意义。根据预先确定的标准选择了一名乳腺癌患者，其中最重要的标准是该患者应开始化疗治疗以便进行跟踪。通过半结构化访谈、观察和实地日记收集数据。数据分析包括两个阶段：首先，我们确定意义单元；然后，我们从患者的角度组织赋予癌症化疗经历的意义，即“失去生活控制权”。这一意义强调了患者社会角色的变化，特别是为家庭提供经济支持的困难以及与子女的关系。本研究强调了在整个化疗治疗过程中护理的重要性，以及护士认识到社会文化影响并将其纳入护理计划的重要性。
