Swartz Leslie, Kagee Ashraf, Kafaar Zuhayr, Smit Joalida, Bhana Arvin, Gray Glenda, Lesch Anthea, Lindegger Graham, Milford Cecilia, Richter Linda, Seedat Soraya, Skhosana Nokuthula, Stein Dan J
Sociobehavioural Group, South African AIDS Vaccine Initiative (SAAVI), South Africa.
J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic). 2005 Dec;4(4):89-92. doi: 10.1177/1545109705285033.
Recent data indicate that the worldwide rate of HIV infection in adolescents is steadily increasing. Internationally, more than 7000 youths between 15 and 24 years of age are infected with HIV daily, resulting in more than 2.5 million new infections annually. Almost two thirds (1.7 million) of these new infections occur in Africa. Estimates in 2000 showed that the number of South Africans between 15 and 49 years of age infected with HIV was 4.7 million. This number equates to a prevalence rate of 15.4% in those younger than 20 years. Adolescents form an important target group not only for preventative efforts but also for HIV vaccine trials. This article focuses on the social and psychological factors that affect adolescent decision making by considering adolescent risk-taking behaviors, problems associated with predicting adolescent behavior, peer relationships and decision making, sexual disinhibition, and the role of family relationships in adolescent decision making.
近期数据表明，全球青少年艾滋病毒感染率正在稳步上升。在国际上，每天有超过7000名15至24岁的年轻人感染艾滋病毒，每年新增感染病例超过250万。其中近三分之二（170万）的新感染病例发生在非洲。2000年的估计显示，15至49岁感染艾滋病毒的南非人数量为470万。这一数字相当于20岁以下人群中15.4%的患病率。青少年不仅是预防工作的重要目标群体，也是艾滋病毒疫苗试验的重要目标群体。本文通过考虑青少年的冒险行为、预测青少年行为相关的问题、同伴关系与决策、性抑制以及家庭关系在青少年决策中的作用，重点探讨影响青少年决策的社会和心理因素。
