Yang Xin-wei, Jin Tai-yi, Wang Zhi-ming, Yao Hua
School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2005 Nov;34(6):744-6.
To assess occupational stress and its influential factors in executive group.
A test of occupational stress, its influential factors, was carried out with revised occupational stress inventory (OSI-R) for 263 executive group and 319 controls.
(1) Among the 6 items of occupational role questionnaire, the scores of role overload, role insufficiency, role boundary, role ambiguity, responsibility are obviously higher in the executive group (P < 0.01). The scores of vocational strain, psychological strain, interpersonal strain and physical strain in the executive group are significantly higher (P < 0.01). The results of personal resources indicate that social support scores in executive group are superior (P < 0.05). (2) Occupational role and personal strain were positively correlated (r = 0.337, P < 0.01), both of which correlated negatively to the personal resources (r = - 0.311, P < 0.01). (4) The major influential factors of personal strain and psychological strain were: responsibility, personal resources, role boundary and working environment. The major influential factors of interpersonal strain were role ambiguity, role boundary and personal resources. The major influential factors of physical strain were personal resources, responsibility, role boundary and education.
Different measure should be taken to reduce the occupational stress so as to improve the work ability of executive group.
评估管理人员的职业压力及其影响因素。
采用修订后的职业压力量表（OSI-R）对263名管理人员和319名对照组人员进行职业压力及其影响因素的测试。
（1）在职业角色问卷的6个项目中，管理人员组在角色超载、角色不足、角色界限、角色模糊、责任等方面的得分明显更高（P<0.01）。管理人员组的职业紧张、心理紧张、人际紧张和身体紧张得分显著更高（P<0.01）。个人资源结果显示，管理人员组的社会支持得分更高（P<0.05）。（2）职业角色与个人紧张呈正相关（r=0.337，P<0.01），二者均与个人资源呈负相关（r=-0.311，P<0.01）。（4）个人紧张和心理紧张的主要影响因素为：责任、个人资源、角色界限和工作环境。人际紧张的主要影响因素为角色模糊、角色界限和个人资源。身体紧张的主要影响因素为个人资源、责任、角色界限和学历。
应采取不同措施减轻职业压力，以提高管理人员的工作能力。
