Irazusta Amaia, Gil Susana, Ruiz Fátima, Gondra Juan, Jauregi Andoni, Irazusta Jon, Gil Javier
School of Nursing, Instituto Médico Basurto, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain.
Biol Res Nurs. 2006 Jan;7(3):175-86. doi: 10.1177/1099800405282728.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the practice of regular physical exercise, the anthropometrical and physiological characteristics, and the dietary habits of a group of female nursing students (n=46) and of a control group of female students from other disciplines (n=58) attending the University of the Basque Country. To this end, diets and leisure-time physical exercise were analyzed and the following variables were measured: body mass index, body composition, blood pressure, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), and explosive muscle strength. Results show that the percentage of sedentary students was higher among first-year nursing students (50%) than among other matched students (43.6%). Regular physical exercise in nursing students was found to be positively correlated with higher absolute (p < .01) and relative VO2 max (p < 0.05) and with lower diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). Analysis of the diets of the nursing students showed that their energetic intake was deficient and was very low in carbohydrates and very high in fat and protein. Statistically significant differences between the two groups in anthropometric indices were not observed. The competence to provide adequate nutritional and preventive physical exercise recommendations was higher among active final-year nursing students than among sedentary final-year nursing students. Overall, the results of the present study highlight the need for a greater emphasis on the benefits of regular physical exercise and an adequate nutritional education early in the nursing educational program to encourage students to adopt healthier behaviors and to provide more effective preventive physical exercise and nutritional counseling for their future patients.
本研究的目的是评估一组巴斯克地区大学的女性护理专业学生（n = 46）以及另一组来自其他专业的女性对照学生（n = 58）的规律体育锻炼情况、人体测量学和生理学特征以及饮食习惯。为此，分析了她们的饮食和休闲时间的体育锻炼情况，并测量了以下变量：体重指数、身体成分、血压、最大耗氧量（VO2 max）和肌肉爆发力。结果显示，一年级护理专业学生中久坐不动的学生比例（50%）高于其他匹配专业的学生（43.6%）。研究发现，护理专业学生的规律体育锻炼与更高的绝对VO2 max（p <.01）和相对VO2 max（p < 0.05）以及更低的舒张压（p < 0.05）呈正相关。对护理专业学生饮食的分析表明，她们的能量摄入不足，碳水化合物含量极低，脂肪和蛋白质含量极高。两组在人体测量指标上未观察到统计学上的显著差异。活跃的四年级护理专业学生在提供适当营养和预防性体育锻炼建议方面的能力高于久坐不动的四年级护理专业学生。总体而言，本研究结果强调，在护理教育项目早期需要更加强调规律体育锻炼的益处和进行适当的营养教育，以鼓励学生采取更健康的行为，并为其未来的患者提供更有效的预防性体育锻炼和营养咨询。
