Atherton S S, Newell C K, Kanter M Y, Cousins S W
Department of Microbiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33136.
Curr Eye Res. 1991 Jul;10(7):667-77. doi: 10.3109/02713689109013858.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is the most frequent infectious ocular complication of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Currently, there are few animal models to study the virologic and immunologic factors which contribute to the pathogenesis of CMV retinitis. In these experiments, 1-2 X 10(4) PFU of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) was inoculated into the supraciliary space of BALB/c mice. Within three days of inoculation, moderate iridocyclitis was observed which progressed to necrosis of the ciliary body by day 14. Approximately 60% of the mice developed typical retinitis characterized by virus-infected cytomegalic cells in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium, focal retinal infiltrates, transition zones between uninvolved and involved retina, and optic neuritis. The remaining animals exhibited atypical retinitis characterized by non-specific retinal inflammation in the absence of obvious viral infection. This murine model of CMV retinitis shares some features with retinitis observed in AIDS patients with CMV retinitis and may be useful to evaluate the efficacy of immunologic and/or pharmacologic treatment strategies for CMV retinitis.
巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎是获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）最常见的感染性眼部并发症。目前，几乎没有动物模型可用于研究导致巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎发病机制的病毒学和免疫学因素。在这些实验中，将1 - 2×10⁴ 空斑形成单位（PFU）的鼠巨细胞病毒（MCMV）接种到BALB/c小鼠的睫状体上腔。接种后三天内，观察到中度虹膜睫状体炎，到第14天发展为睫状体坏死。大约60%的小鼠出现典型视网膜炎，其特征为视网膜和视网膜色素上皮中有病毒感染的巨细胞、局灶性视网膜浸润、未受累与受累视网膜之间的过渡区以及视神经炎。其余动物表现为非典型视网膜炎，其特征为在无明显病毒感染的情况下出现非特异性视网膜炎症。这种巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎的小鼠模型与艾滋病患者巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎中观察到的视网膜炎有一些共同特征，可能有助于评估针对巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎的免疫和/或药物治疗策略的疗效。
