Associated Physical Therapy, Plano, TX.
J Athl Train. 1992;27(2):173-6.
The confusion about sports drinks is lessened if the types are understood. Types include: fluid replacers, carbohydrate loaders, and nutrient supplements. The athletic activity and the timing of the consumption of the drink need to complement the type of drink. Fluid replacement is a must before, during, and after activity to maintain heart rate and body temperature. Whether water or a sports drink is consumed is the athlete's choice. The carbohydrate concentration of a fluid-replacing drink should not exceed 10%, which is comparable to the gastric emptying characteristics of water. Glucose, sucrose, and glucose polymers are all well tolerated by athletes during activity, although fructose in high concentrations may not be. Electrolytes are present in drinks to enhance absorption; high levels usually are not needed, except in certain populations.
如果了解了不同类型，对运动饮料的困惑就会减少。类型包括：液体补充剂、碳水化合物负荷剂和营养补充剂。运动活动和饮料摄入的时间需要与饮料类型相匹配。在活动前后都需要进行液体补充，以维持心率和体温。运动员可以选择喝水或运动饮料。液体补充剂的碳水化合物浓度不应超过 10%，这与水的胃排空特性相当。在活动期间，葡萄糖、蔗糖和葡萄糖聚合物都能被运动员很好地耐受，尽管高浓度的果糖可能不行。电解质存在于饮料中以促进吸收；通常不需要高水平的电解质，除非在某些人群中。
