Iris F. Kimura is Professor and Director of the Graduate Program of Athletic Training at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140.
J Athl Train. 1997 Apr;32(2):124-6.
The effects of cryotherapy on eccentric torque production and muscle endurance have been controversial. Our intent was to examine the effect of cryotherapy on isokinetic eccentric plantar flexion peak torque at 30 degrees /sec and 120 degrees /sec and on endurance at 120 degrees /sec.
SUBJECTS WERE TESTED ON AN ISOKINETIC DYNAMOMETER FOR PEAK TORQUE AND ENDURANCE AND WERE THEN RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO ONE OF FOUR GROUPS: (a) peak torque measurements at 30 degrees /sec and 120 degrees /sec after a 30-minute 10 degrees C ice bath immersion, (b) peak torque measurements at 30 degrees /sec and 120 degrees /sec without ice bath immersion (control), (c) endurance measurement at 120 degrees /sec after a 30-minute 10 degrees C ice bath immersion, and (d) endurance measurement at 120 degrees /sec without ice bath immersion (control). Subjects completed each of the four experimental conditions with 7 to 14 days between conditions.
Eleven male and 11 female volunteers (mean age, 23.8 +/- 3.5 years) were screened for normal ankle range of motion, past history of lower extremity injury, and contraindications to cryotherapy.
Dependent t tests were used to analyze practice session data in order to establish reliable baseline measurements. A 2 x 2 analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures (p < .05) was used to analyze peak torque data. A one-way ANOVA (p < .05) was used to analyze endurance data in the form of total work.
Velocity significantly affected peak torque production, with eccentric peak torque values significantly higher at 120 degrees /sec than at 30 degrees /sec for both the control and the immersion conditions. Cryotherapy had no effect on eccentric peak torque at either 30 degrees /sec or 120 degrees /sec, but it increased eccentric total work (endurance) at 120 degrees /sec.
Cryotherapy has long been known to have beneficial therapeutic effects. In our study, cryotherapy did not significantly affect eccentric peak torque, but it did increase muscle endurance. An athlete can reap the beneficial effects of cryotherapy, such as pain reduction, vasoconstriction, and edema control, without compromising eccentric force production or endurance.
冷冻疗法对离心扭矩产生和肌肉耐力的影响一直存在争议。我们的目的是研究冷冻疗法对 30 度/秒和 120 度/秒的等速离心足底屈肌峰值扭矩以及 120 度/秒的耐力的影响。
受试者在等速测力计上进行峰值扭矩和耐力测试，然后随机分配到以下四个组中的一个：（a）30 分钟 10 摄氏度冰浴浸泡后，30 度/秒和 120 度/秒的峰值扭矩测量；（b）无冰浴浸泡的 30 度/秒和 120 度/秒的峰值扭矩测量（对照组）；（c）30 分钟 10 摄氏度冰浴浸泡后的 120 度/秒耐力测量；（d）无冰浴浸泡的 120 度/秒耐力测量（对照组）。受试者在每个实验条件之间间隔 7 至 14 天完成了四个实验条件。
筛选出 11 名男性和 11 名女性志愿者（平均年龄 23.8 ± 3.5 岁），检查他们的踝关节活动范围是否正常、下肢受伤史以及是否有冷冻疗法的禁忌症。
采用依赖 t 检验分析练习阶段的数据，以建立可靠的基线测量值。采用重复测量的 2x2 方差分析（ANOVA）（p<.05）分析峰值扭矩数据。采用单向 ANOVA（p<.05）分析以总工作量形式表示的耐力数据。
速度显著影响离心峰值扭矩的产生，与对照组和浸泡组相比，120 度/秒的离心峰值扭矩值明显更高。冷冻疗法对 30 度/秒或 120 度/秒的离心峰值扭矩均无影响，但增加了 120 度/秒的离心总工作量（耐力）。
冷冻疗法早已被证明具有有益的治疗效果。在我们的研究中，冷冻疗法并没有显著影响离心峰值扭矩，但它确实增加了肌肉耐力。运动员可以从冷冻疗法中获益，例如减轻疼痛、血管收缩和控制水肿，而不会影响离心力的产生或耐力。
