Yeung Simon S, Ting Kin Hung, Hon Maurice, Fung Natalie Y, Choi Manfi M, Cheng Juno C, Yeung Ella W
From the Centre for Sports Training and Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Jan;95(1):e2455. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002455.
Postexercise cold water immersion has been advocated to athletes as a means of accelerating recovery and improving performance. Given the effects of cold water immersion on blood flow, evaluating in vivo changes in tissue oxygenation during cold water immersion may help further our understanding of this recovery modality. This study aimed to investigate the effects of cold water immersion on muscle oxygenation and performance during repeated bouts of fatiguing exercise in a group of healthy young adults. Twenty healthy subjects performed 2 fatiguing bouts of maximal dynamic knee extension and flexion contractions both concentrically on an isokinetic dynamometer with a 10-min recovery period in between. Subjects were randomly assigned to either a cold water immersion (treatment) or passive recovery (control) group. Changes in muscle oxygenation were monitored continuously using near-infrared spectroscopy. Muscle performance was measured with isokinetic dynamometry during each fatiguing bout. Skin temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, and muscle soreness ratings were also assessed. Repeated measures ANOVA analysis was used to evaluate treatment effects. The treatment group had a significantly lower mean heart rate and lower skin temperature compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Cold water immersion attenuated a reduction in tissue oxygenation in the second fatiguing bout by 4% when compared with control. Muscle soreness was rated lower 1 day post-testing (P < 0.05). However, cold water immersion had no significant effect on muscle performance in subsequent exercise. As the results show that cold water immersion attenuated decreased tissue oxygenation in subsequent exercise performance, the metabolic response to exercise after cold water immersion is worthy of further exploration.
运动后冷水浸泡已被推荐给运动员，作为加速恢复和提高运动表现的一种方法。鉴于冷水浸泡对血流的影响，评估冷水浸泡期间体内组织氧合的变化可能有助于我们进一步了解这种恢复方式。本研究旨在调查冷水浸泡对一组健康年轻成年人在反复疲劳运动期间肌肉氧合和运动表现的影响。20名健康受试者在等速测力计上进行了2次疲劳性的最大动态膝关节伸展和屈曲收缩，均为向心收缩，两次收缩之间有10分钟的恢复期。受试者被随机分为冷水浸泡组（治疗组）或被动恢复组（对照组）。使用近红外光谱法连续监测肌肉氧合的变化。在每次疲劳性收缩期间，用等速测力法测量肌肉表现。还评估了皮肤温度、心率、血压和肌肉酸痛评分。采用重复测量方差分析来评估治疗效果。与对照组相比，治疗组的平均心率显著较低，皮肤温度也较低（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，冷水浸泡使第二次疲劳性收缩期间组织氧合的降低减弱了4%。测试后1天，肌肉酸痛评分较低（P<0.05）。然而，冷水浸泡对随后运动中的肌肉表现没有显著影响。由于结果表明冷水浸泡减弱了随后运动表现中组织氧合的降低，因此冷水浸泡后运动的代谢反应值得进一步探索。
