Chen Wei J, Fang Cheng-Chung, Shyu Ren-Shi, Lin Kuo-Chien
Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, 1 Jen-Ai Road, Sec. 1, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
Addict Behav. 2006 Dec;31(12):2304-8. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.02.015. Epub 2006 Mar 29.
This study investigates the validity of questionnaire-based self-reports of illicit drug use by comparing with a two-tiered urinalysis among patients at emergency departments. Questions on the use of alcohol and drugs were administered to patients recruited on a continual basis for 2weeks at the emergency department of two hospitals in northern Taiwan. Positive tests of initial urinalysis using fluorescence polarization immunoassay were further confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In a total of 1502 patients interviewed, 632 (42%) also provided a urine sample. Among those with urine samples, the positive rate of urinalysis was 1.4% for amphetamine-type drugs and 1.6% for opiates. Among those with positive urinalysis, a false-negative rate ranged from 66.6% for amphetamines to 70.0% for opiates. Meanwhile, all the self-reported current uses of either amphetamines or opiates were confirmed by urinalysis. The results indicate that the false-negative rates of questionnaire-based, self-reported current use of illicit drug are around two thirds and the false-positive rates are negligible, which might be useful for the calibration of estimates from epidemiological surveys.
本研究通过比较台湾北部两家医院急诊科患者基于问卷调查的非法药物使用自我报告与两级尿液分析结果，来调查其有效性。在两周时间内，持续招募急诊科患者，询问他们关于酒精和药物使用的问题。使用荧光偏振免疫分析法进行的初始尿液分析阳性结果，通过气相色谱/质谱法进一步确认。在总共1502名接受访谈的患者中，有632名（42%）也提供了尿液样本。在有尿液样本的患者中，苯丙胺类药物尿液分析阳性率为1.4%，阿片类药物为1.6%。在尿液分析呈阳性的患者中，苯丙胺类药物的假阴性率为66.6%，阿片类药物为70.0%。同时，所有自我报告的当前使用苯丙胺类药物或阿片类药物的情况均通过尿液分析得到证实。结果表明，基于问卷调查的自我报告当前非法药物使用的假阴性率约为三分之二，假阳性率可忽略不计，这可能有助于校准流行病学调查的估计值。
