Nufer Kevin E, Wilson-Ramirez Gina, Shah Mark B, Hughes Christopher E, Crandall Cameron S
Center for Disaster Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-0001, USA.
J Emerg Med. 2006 Feb;30(2):183-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2005.03.020.
To aid disaster planning, a retrospective review of patients seen by New Mexico 1 Disaster Medical Assistance Team (NM-1 DMAT) after four disasters was conducted. Data analyzed included age, gender, past medical history, chief complaint, diagnosis, diagnostic testing, treatment, triage category, disposition, and time to presentation after the disaster. Data were analyzed for differences between patients presenting early vs. late after a disaster and to test if availability of diagnostic testing changed patient disposition. The results showed that the majority of patients presented with upper respiratory tract infection symptoms, wounds, and musculoskeletal pain. The needs of patients were similar whether they presented early or late. The same proportion of patients was transferred to hospitals when diagnostic testing was available vs. not available, despite a higher level of acuity when diagnostic testing was available. In conclusion, DMATs should be prepared to see high volumes of low acuity patients. Patient needs do not change with time. Diagnostic testing may be useful.
为协助灾难规划，对新墨西哥州1灾难医疗援助队（NM-1 DMAT）在四次灾难后诊治的患者进行了回顾性研究。分析的数据包括年龄、性别、既往病史、主诉、诊断、诊断检测、治疗、分诊类别、处置情况以及灾难后就诊时间。分析数据以比较灾难后早期就诊与晚期就诊患者之间的差异，并检验诊断检测的可及性是否会改变患者的处置情况。结果显示，大多数患者表现为上呼吸道感染症状、伤口和肌肉骨骼疼痛。无论早期还是晚期就诊，患者的需求相似。尽管有诊断检测时患者的 acuity 水平较高，但在有诊断检测和没有诊断检测的情况下，转至医院的患者比例相同。总之，灾难医疗援助队应做好诊治大量低 acuity 患者的准备。患者需求不会随时间变化。诊断检测可能有用。 （注：“acuity”在医学语境中可能指“ acuity 水平”，比如病情严重程度等，但这里原文未明确其准确含义，按原样保留英文。）
