Gregg Vernon H, Gardiner John M, Karayianni Irene, Konstantinou Ira
School of Psychology, Birkbeck College, University of London, UK.
Memory. 2006 Apr;14(3):265-75. doi: 10.1080/09658210544000051.
The well-established advantage of low-frequency words over high-frequency words in recognition memory has been found to occur in remembering and not knowing. Two experiments employed remember and know judgements, and divided attention to investigate the possibility of an effect of word frequency on know responses given appropriate study conditions. With undivided attention at study, the usual low-frequency advantage in the accuracy of remember responses, but no effect on know responses, was obtained. Under a demanding divided attention task at encoding, a high-frequency advantage in the accuracy of know responses was obtained. The results are discussed in relation to theories of knowing, particularly those incorporating perceptual and conceptual fluency.
在识别记忆中，低频词相对于高频词已确立的优势已被发现存在于记忆和未知状态中。两项实验采用了记忆和知晓判断，并通过分散注意力来研究在适当的学习条件下词频对知晓反应产生影响的可能性。在学习时不分散注意力的情况下，得到了记忆反应准确性方面常见的低频优势，但对知晓反应没有影响。在编码时进行一项要求较高的分散注意力任务的情况下，得到了知晓反应准确性方面的高频优势。本文结合知晓理论，特别是那些包含感知流畅性和概念流畅性的理论对结果进行了讨论。
