Jordan Kerry E, Brannon Elizabeth M
Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Box 90999, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Anim Cogn. 2006 Jul;9(3):159-72. doi: 10.1007/s10071-006-0017-8. Epub 2006 Mar 10.
We present the results of two experiments that probe the ability of rhesus macaques to match visual arrays based on number. Three monkeys were first trained on a delayed match-to-sample paradigm (DMTS) to match stimuli on the basis of number and ignore continuous dimensions such as element size, cumulative surface area, and density. Monkeys were then tested in a numerical bisection experiment that required them to indicate whether a sample numerosity was closer to a small or large anchor value. Results indicated that, for two sets of anchor values with the same ratio, the probability of choosing the larger anchor value systematically increased with the sample number and the psychometric functions superimposed. A second experiment employed a numerical DMTS task in which the choice values contained an exact numerical match to the sample and a distracter that varied in number. Both accuracy and reaction time were modulated by the ratio between the correct numerical match and the distracter, as predicted by Weber's Law.
我们展示了两项实验的结果，这些实验探究了恒河猴基于数量匹配视觉阵列的能力。首先，三只猴子接受了延迟匹配样本范式（DMTS）训练，以便根据数量匹配刺激，并忽略诸如元素大小、累积表面积和密度等连续维度。然后，猴子们接受了一项数字二等分实验测试，要求它们指出样本数量更接近小的还是大的锚定值。结果表明，对于两组具有相同比例的锚定值，选择较大锚定值的概率会随着样本数量的增加而系统性地增加，并且心理测量函数相互叠加。第二项实验采用了数字DMTS任务，其中选择值包含与样本精确匹配的数字以及数量不同的干扰项。正如韦伯定律所预测的那样，正确数字匹配与干扰项之间的比例调节了准确性和反应时间。
