Yamada Seiji, Gunatilake Ravindu P, Roytman Timur M, Gunatilake Sarath, Fernando Thushara, Fernando Lalan
Hawaii/Pacific Basin Area Health Education Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
Disaster Manag Response. 2006 Apr-Jun;4(2):38-48. doi: 10.1016/j.dmr.2006.01.001.
The Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 killed 31,000 people in Sri Lanka and produced morbidity primarily resulting from near-drownings and traumatic injuries. In the immediate aftermath, the survivors brought bodies to the hospitals, which hampered the hospitals' operations. The fear of epidemics led to mass burials. Infectious diseases were prevented through the provision of clean water and through vector control. Months after the tsunami, little rebuilding of permanent housing was evident, and many tsunami victims continued to reside in transit camps without means of generating their own income. The lack of an incident command system, limited funding, and political conflicts were identified as barriers to optimal relief efforts. Despite these barriers, Sri Lanka was fortunate in drawing upon a well-developed community health infrastructure as well as local and international resources. The need continues for education and training in clinical skills for mass rescue and emergency treatment, as well as participation in a multidisciplinary response.
2004年印度洋海啸在斯里兰卡造成3.1万人死亡，主要导致了因溺水和创伤性损伤而引发的发病情况。在海啸刚结束时，幸存者将尸体送往医院，这阻碍了医院的运作。对流行病的恐惧导致了大规模埋葬。通过提供清洁水和病媒控制预防了传染病。海啸发生数月后，永久性住房几乎没有明显重建，许多海啸受害者继续居住在中转营地，没有自主创收的手段。缺乏事件指挥系统、资金有限和政治冲突被认为是阻碍最佳救援工作的因素。尽管存在这些障碍，但斯里兰卡有幸能够利用完善的社区卫生基础设施以及当地和国际资源。目前仍然需要开展大规模救援和紧急治疗临床技能方面的教育和培训，以及参与多学科应对。
