Strauss Sharon Y, Webb Campbell O, Salamin Nicolas
Section of Evolution and Ecology, 2320 Storer Hall, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 11;103(15):5841-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0508073103. Epub 2006 Mar 31.
Some species introduced into new geographical areas from their native ranges wreak ecological and economic havoc in their new environment. Although many studies have searched for either species or habitat characteristics that predict invasiveness of exotic species, the match between characteristics of the invader and those of members of the existing native community may be essential to understanding invasiveness. Here, we find that one metric, the phylogenetic relatedness of an invader to the native community, provides a predictive tool for invasiveness. Using a phylogenetic supertree of all grass species in California, we show that highly invasive grass species are, on average, significantly less related to native grasses than are introduced but noninvasive grasses. The match between the invader and the existing native community may explain why exotic pest species are not uniformly noxious in all novel habitats. Relatedness of invaders to the native biota may be one useful criterion for prioritizing management efforts of exotic species.
一些从原生地引入新地理区域的物种，在新环境中造成了生态和经济破坏。尽管许多研究都在寻找预测外来物种入侵性的物种或栖息地特征，但入侵者与现有本地群落成员特征之间的匹配，对于理解入侵性可能至关重要。在这里，我们发现一个指标，即入侵者与本地群落的系统发育相关性，为入侵性提供了一种预测工具。利用加利福尼亚所有草种的系统发育超级树，我们表明，平均而言，高度入侵性的草种与本地草种的亲缘关系，显著低于引入但非入侵性的草种。入侵者与现有本地群落之间的匹配，可能解释了为什么外来有害物种在所有新栖息地并非都同样有害。入侵者与本地生物群的亲缘关系，可能是对外来物种管理工作进行优先排序的一个有用标准。
