Rasoulian M, Habib S, Bolhari J, Hakim Shooshtari M, Nojomi M, Abedi Sh
Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
J Environ Public Health. 2014;2014:352346. doi: 10.1155/2014/352346. Epub 2014 Mar 25.
In this study, we have evaluated the lifetime and past-year prevalence of exposure to physical violence among married women in the city of Tehran and urban and rural areas of Hashtgerd.
The target population were noninstitutionalized female citizens, aged 15 years or older, who have at least one history of marriage and who resided in the capital city of Tehran or Hashtgerd County from the summer of 2008 to fall of 2010. We used a multistage sampling method. Tehran's District Six, a central district in Tehran, was selected as a representative cluster of all municipal districts in Tehran. A total of fifty blocks were randomly selected from this district, from which 1,000 married women aged 15 years or older were interviewed using a cross-sectional design. Data was gathered face-to-face using a structured questionnaire. The lifetime prevalence, past-year prevalence, and related factors of domestic violence were measured. SPSS version 11.5 was used for the analyses.
Figures for lifetime prevalence and past-year prevalence were measured to be 38.7% and 6.6%, respectively. The independent effects of marital status and location and type of residency for women, along with education and smoking habits of their spouses, were statistically significant in multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Domestic violence is a public health concern in Iran. Based on our findings, we propose that empowering women through education, and improving their ability to find employment and income, along with increasing public awareness of human rights issues through education could lower the prevalence of domestic violence.
在本研究中，我们评估了德黑兰市以及哈什格德城乡地区已婚女性遭受身体暴力的终生患病率和过去一年患病率。
目标人群为15岁及以上、至少有过一次婚姻经历、2008年夏季至2010年秋季居住在德黑兰首都或哈什格德县的非机构化女性公民。我们采用了多阶段抽样方法。德黑兰市中心的第六区被选为德黑兰所有市辖区的代表性集群。从该地区随机抽取了总共50个街区，从中选取1000名15岁及以上的已婚女性，采用横断面设计进行访谈。通过结构化问卷面对面收集数据。测量家庭暴力的终生患病率、过去一年患病率及相关因素。使用SPSS 11.5版进行分析。
终生患病率和过去一年患病率分别为38.7%和6.6%。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，女性的婚姻状况、居住地点和类型以及其配偶的教育程度和吸烟习惯的独立影响具有统计学意义。
家庭暴力是伊朗的一个公共卫生问题。根据我们的研究结果，我们建议通过教育增强妇女权能，提高她们的就业和收入能力，同时通过教育提高公众对人权问题的认识，以降低家庭暴力的患病率。
