Forestier F, Daffos F, Hohlfeld P, Lynch L
Service de Médecine et de Biologie foetales, Institut de Puériculture, Paris.
Presse Med. 1991 Sep 28;20(30):1448-54.
Many congenital infections can produce foetal diseases and are sometimes responsible for major disablements. The most frequent infectious foetal diseases are toxoplasmosis, rubella and chickenpox. Diseases caused by parvovirus or cytomegalovirus are exceptional. Foetal blood sampling has considerably simplified the prenatal diagnosis and made it accessible to more medical centres; it has also widened the therapeutic possibilities and above all, it has considerably reduced the number of therapeutic abortions. It may well be that the development of molecular biology, which has the great advantage of permitting an earlier diagnosis, will in the near future make it possible not only to detect numerous monogenic diseases before birth, but also to diagnose some foetal infections. We might then hope that a much earlier treatment in utero will also be more effective.
许多先天性感染可导致胎儿疾病，有时还会造成严重残疾。最常见的胎儿感染性疾病是弓形虫病、风疹和水痘。由细小病毒或巨细胞病毒引起的疾病则较为罕见。胎儿血液取样极大地简化了产前诊断，并使更多医疗中心能够开展此项检查；它还拓宽了治疗可能性，最重要的是，它大幅减少了治疗性流产的数量。分子生物学的发展很可能在不久的将来不仅能够在出生前检测出众多单基因疾病，还能诊断一些胎儿感染，这具有能够更早诊断的巨大优势。届时我们或许有望在子宫内进行更早的治疗也会更有效。
