Henderson J L, Weiner C P
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, USA.
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 1995 Apr;7(2):130-4. doi: 10.1097/00001703-199504000-00010.
The past year has shed much new light on congenital infection. A key development has been the application of polymerase chain reaction technology to the diagnosis of intrauterine infection. This technique appears to be the diagnostic tool of choice for toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus. Pharmacologic treatment appears to reduce the sequellae of toxoplasmosis when treated either in utero or postnatally. Obstetric interventions may reduce vertical transmission. Education has been shown to reduce the incidence of seroconversion for toxoplasmosis, and HIV-positive women treated with zidovudine have a dramatically reduced rate of transmission to their offspring.
过去一年里，先天性感染方面有了许多新的认识。一个关键进展是聚合酶链反应技术在宫内感染诊断中的应用。这项技术似乎是弓形虫病和巨细胞病毒感染诊断的首选工具。无论是在子宫内还是出生后进行治疗，药物治疗似乎都能减少弓形虫病的后遗症。产科干预措施可能会减少垂直传播。研究表明，教育可降低弓形虫病血清转化的发生率，接受齐多夫定治疗的艾滋病毒阳性女性将病毒传播给其后代的几率会大幅降低。
