Choi Won S, Daley Christine Makosky, James Aimee, Thomas Janet, Schupbach Ryan, Segraves Marcia, Barnoskie Randall, Ahluwalia Jasjit S
University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
Ethn Dis. 2006 Winter;16(1):35-40.
American Indians (AI) have some of the highest smoking rates in the United States. The Muscogee Nation of Oklahoma developed a culturally targeted program called "Second Wind" based on the American Cancer Society's FreshStart smoking cessation program, but it has not been formally tested.
We conducted six focus groups of AI adult smokers at the Haskell Health Center (Lawrence, Kansas). Focus groups assessed beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors related to smoking cessation, as well as participants' perceptions of the "Second Wind" curriculum's appropriateness and feasibility for this diverse group. Focus groups were audiotaped, transcribed, coded, and analyzed for content themes. Participants were 41 AI adults (63% female), 21-67 years of age. Participants smoked an average of 13 cigarettes per day, half had made a quit attempt in the past year, and 63% were daily smokers. For pharmacotherapy, most preferred the nicotine patch.
Focus group responses were categorized into three major themes: traditional tobacco use, quitting and quit attempts, and the "Second Wind" program. Those who reported that traditional tobacco use is important were less inclined to use tobacco recreationally. Second Wind modifications suggested by participants included increasing use of AI imagery and addressing the meaning of tobacco to AI cultures.
American Indian smokers are unique because of their traditional use of tobacco. Our participants felt that smoking cessation can be accomplished without discouraging traditional use of tobacco. We suggest ways to improve the "Second Wind" curriculum so that it is targeted for a heterogeneous group of AI smokers.
美国印第安人（AI）的吸烟率在美国处于最高水平。俄克拉荷马州的马斯库吉部落基于美国癌症协会的“重新开始”戒烟计划，制定了一个名为“第二股风”的针对特定文化的计划，但该计划尚未经过正式测试。
我们在哈斯克尔健康中心（堪萨斯州劳伦斯）对6组成年AI吸烟者进行了焦点小组访谈。焦点小组评估了与戒烟相关的信念、态度和行为，以及参与者对“第二股风”课程对这个多样化群体的适用性和可行性的看法。焦点小组访谈进行了录音、转录、编码，并分析了内容主题。参与者为41名成年AI吸烟者（63%为女性），年龄在21至67岁之间。参与者平均每天吸烟13支，一半人在过去一年中曾尝试戒烟，63%为每日吸烟者。对于药物治疗，大多数人更喜欢尼古丁贴片。
焦点小组的回答分为三个主要主题：传统烟草使用、戒烟和戒烟尝试，以及“第二股风”计划。那些报告传统烟草使用很重要的人不太倾向于将烟草用于消遣。参与者建议对“第二股风”计划进行的修改包括增加AI意象的使用，并探讨烟草对AI文化的意义。
美国印第安吸烟者因其对烟草的传统使用而独具特色。我们的参与者认为，可以在不阻碍传统烟草使用的情况下实现戒烟。我们提出了改进“第二股风”课程的方法，使其针对不同类型的AI吸烟者群体。
