Davidson P M, Elliott D, Daly J
School of Nursing, Family and Community Health, University of Western Sydney and Sydney West Area Health Service, Sydney.
J Nurs Manag. 2006 Apr;14(3):180-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2934.2006.00555.x.
Leadership in the clinical practice environment is important to ensure both optimal patient outcomes and successive generations of motivated and enthusiastic clinicians.
The present paper seeks to define and describe clinical leadership and identify the facilitators and barriers to clinical leadership. We also describe strategies to develop clinical leaders in Australia. Key drivers to the development of nursing leaders are strategies that recognize and value clinical expertise. These include models of care that highlight the importance of the nursing role; evidence-based practice and measurement of clinical outcomes; strategies to empower clinicians and mechanisms to ensure participation in clinical decision-making.
Significant barriers to clinical leadership are organizational structures that preclude nurses from clinical decision making; the national shortage of nurses; fiscal constraints; absence of well evaluated models of care and trends towards less skilled clinicians.
Systematic, strategic initiatives are required to nurture and develop clinical leaders. These strategies need to be collegial collaborations between the academic and health care sectors in order to provide a united voice for advancing the nursing profession.
临床实践环境中的领导力对于确保最佳患者治疗效果以及培养出一代又一代积极主动且热情的临床医生至关重要。
本文旨在定义和描述临床领导力，识别临床领导力的促进因素和障碍。我们还将描述在澳大利亚培养临床领导者的策略。护理领导者发展的关键驱动因素是认可和重视临床专业知识的策略。这些策略包括强调护理角色重要性的护理模式；基于证据的实践和临床结果的衡量；赋予临床医生权力的策略以及确保参与临床决策的机制。
临床领导力的重大障碍包括阻碍护士参与临床决策的组织结构；全国范围内护士短缺；财政限制；缺乏经过充分评估的护理模式以及临床医生技能水平降低的趋势。
需要系统性、战略性举措来培养和发展临床领导者。这些策略需要学术和医疗保健部门之间的合作，以便为推动护理专业发出统一的声音。
