Jacobvitz Deborah, Leon Kimberly, Hazen Nancy
Human and Developmental Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2006 Spring;18(2):363-79. doi: 10.1017/S0954579406060196.
This prospective, longitudinal study explored the relationship between mothers unresolved/disorganized (U/d) attachment status and frightened/frightening (FR) maternal behavior and investigated possible variations due to whether mothers were U/d for loss versus abuse. The role of other factors that might predict maternal FR behavior was also examined. Pregnant women (n = 116) were administered the Adult Attachment Interview and later observed at home for 30-40 min interacting with their first-born 8-month-olds. Women classified as U/d with respect to loss and/or abuse displayed substantially higher levels of FR behavior with their infants than did mothers who were not classified as U/d (i.e., secure/autonomous, dismissing, or preoccupied), but these groups did not differ on maternal sensitivity. Mothers classified as U/d who had a secondary secure/autonomous classification also showed FR behavior but at low levels than U/d-insecure mothers. Independent of U/d status, mothers who had lost a parent, versus those who did not, more often displayed FR behavior with their infants. Finally, U/d loss fully mediated the association between loss of an attachment figure other than the parent and FR behavior, and partially mediated the relationship between loss of a parent and FR behavior.
这项前瞻性纵向研究探讨了母亲未解决/紊乱（U/d）的依恋状态与恐惧/令人恐惧（FR）的母亲行为之间的关系，并调查了由于母亲的U/d状态是因丧失亲人还是受虐待所致而可能存在的差异。还研究了其他可能预测母亲FR行为的因素的作用。对116名孕妇进行了成人依恋访谈，随后在家中观察她们与8个月大的头胎婴儿互动30至40分钟。在丧失亲人及/或受虐待方面被归类为U/d的女性与未被归类为U/d（即安全/自主、冷漠或多虑）的母亲相比，对婴儿表现出的FR行为水平要高得多，但这些群体在母亲敏感性方面没有差异。被归类为U/d但具有二级安全/自主分类的母亲也表现出FR行为，但水平低于U/d不安全型母亲。与U/d状态无关，失去父母的母亲比未失去父母的母亲更常对婴儿表现出FR行为。最后，U/d丧失完全介导了除父母之外的依恋对象丧失与FR行为之间的关联，并部分介导了父母丧失与FR行为之间的关系。
