Schuengel C, Bakermans-Kranenburg M J, Van IJzendoorn M H
Center for Child and Family Studies, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1999 Feb;67(1):54-63. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.67.1.54.
Main and Hesse's (1990) model in which frightening (threatening, frightened, or dissociated) parental behavior explains why infants of parents with unresolved loss develop disorganized attachment relationships was tested. Unresolved loss using the Adult Attachment Interview in a nonclinical middle-class sample of 85 mothers who had experienced the loss of someone important was assessed. Disorganized attachment was examined in the Strange Situation. Parental behavior was recorded during 22-hr home visits. The model applied to mothers with currently insecure attachment representations. Secure mothers with unresolved loss displayed less frightening behavior than other mothers, and unresolved loss in secure mothers did not predict disorganized attachment of their infants. Frightening behavior predicted infant disorganized attachment irrespective of maternal security.
梅因和黑塞（1990年）的模型接受了检验，该模型认为，令人恐惧（威胁、恐惧或解离）的父母行为可以解释为何父母存在未解决丧失问题的婴儿会形成紊乱的依恋关系。研究使用成人依恋访谈，对85名经历过重要他人丧失的非临床中产阶级母亲样本中的未解决丧失情况进行了评估。在陌生情境中考察了紊乱依恋情况。在为期22小时的家访期间记录了父母行为。该模型适用于当前具有不安全依恋表征的母亲。具有未解决丧失问题的安全型母亲表现出的令人恐惧行为比其他母亲少，而且安全型母亲的未解决丧失问题并不能预测其婴儿的紊乱依恋。无论母亲的安全感如何，令人恐惧的行为都能预测婴儿的紊乱依恋。
