Vause Tannys, Martz Pat, Richard Francesca, Gramlich Leah
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Canada.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2006 Feb;31(1):12-20. doi: 10.1139/h06-001.
Many healthcare professionals and their patients are aware of the importance of proper nutrition during pregnancy, but may not be aware of specific nutritional recommendations on how to achieve a healthy pregnancy outcome. This review article aims to discuss the implications maternal nutritional status and weight gain have in both the short and long terms. Babies born to mothers with inadequate weight gain are more likely to be premature and small for gestational age (SGA). They are also predisposed to obesity and metabolic problems later in life. Women with excessive weight gain during pregnancy are at increased risk for developing type II diabetes later in life. Their offspring also have increased body fat as babies and during childhood. Pregnant women need to be informed about appropriate weight gain and how to achieve this, and should be given specific nutritional recommendations and weight-gain goals.
许多医疗保健专业人员及其患者都意识到孕期合理营养的重要性，但可能并不了解关于如何实现健康妊娠结局的具体营养建议。这篇综述文章旨在探讨孕产妇营养状况和体重增加在短期和长期内的影响。体重增加不足的母亲所生的婴儿更有可能早产且小于胎龄（SGA）。他们在以后的生活中也更容易患肥胖症和代谢问题。孕期体重增加过多的女性在以后的生活中患II型糖尿病的风险增加。她们的后代在婴儿期和儿童期也有更多的体脂。孕妇需要了解适当的体重增加以及如何实现这一点，并且应该得到具体的营养建议和体重增加目标。
