Braks M A H, Juliano S A, Lounibos L P
Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida/IFAS, Vero Beach, Florida, USA.
Med Vet Entomol. 2006 Mar;20(1):53-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2006.00612.x.
Anthropophilic mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) have been shown to have superior reproductive success on human blood when sugar is not available. Life-table experiments were conducted with Aedes albopictus Skuse and Ae. aegypti to compare the effects of sugar availability on age-specific survivorship, lifetime and daily fecundity, and blood-feeding frequency when offered human blood daily. There were no significant interactions between the effects of sugar availability and mosquito species for these four variables, indicating similar effects of sugar availability for both species. Lifetime fecundity was not significantly affected by sugar availability, but sugar-deprived females had significantly reduced age-specific survivorship than did sugar-fed females. In absence of sugar, females took bloodmeals twice as often, resulting in a higher daily fecundity. The results indicate that superior reproductive success on human blood without sugar does not seem to be limited to highly anthropophilic mosquito species, such as Ae. aegypti. We conclude that evolution of a highly anthropophilic feeding strategy is not an inevitable result of the ability to thrive on human blood alone.
埃及伊蚊等嗜人蚊类（双翅目：蚊科）已被证明，在没有糖的情况下，以人血为食时繁殖成功率更高。对白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊进行了生命表实验，以比较在每天提供人血的情况下，糖的可获得性对特定年龄存活率、终生和每日繁殖力以及吸血频率的影响。对于这四个变量，糖的可获得性和蚊种之间没有显著的相互作用，表明糖的可获得性对这两个蚊种的影响相似。终生繁殖力不受糖的可获得性显著影响，但无糖喂养的雌蚊比有糖喂养的雌蚊特定年龄存活率显著降低。在没有糖的情况下，雌蚊吸血频率翻倍，导致每日繁殖力更高。结果表明，无糖情况下以人血为食时更高的繁殖成功率似乎并不局限于高度嗜人蚊种，如埃及伊蚊。我们得出结论，高度嗜人摄食策略的进化并非仅以人血为生能力的必然结果。
