Cutler Janis L, Alspector Sharon L, Harding Kelli J, Wright Leslie L, Graham Mark J
Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Acad Psychiatry. 2006 Mar-Apr;30(2):144-9. doi: 10.1176/appi.ap.30.2.144.
This study describes medical students' perceptions of the field of psychiatry and identifies the impact of those perceptions on their career choices in order to explore the questions: Are we as a field doing all that we can to enhance the educational experience of all medical students, regardless of their career preferences? What are the most appropriate ways to encourage interested medical students that would allow for more targeted recruitment efforts toward the most receptive students?
Third-year (n=131) and fourth-year medical students (n=117) at a northeastern, urban, private university medical school completed anonymous self-report questionnaires. Students rated the impact of intellectual interest, status, earning potential, healthcare reform, quality of life, satisfaction, and stress of working with psychiatric patients on their consideration of a psychiatric career. Respondents were then systematically divided into two groups: 1) those who considered psychiatry as a possible career choice and 2) those who did not.
When compared to students who had been coded as "not seriously considering" a career in psychiatry, students coded as "seriously considering" gave significantly higher positive ratings to the field's intellectual content and quality of life. There were also significant differences between the groups regarding the satisfaction involved in working with psychiatric patients. Students from both groups were equally concerned about stress levels in the field.
Acknowledging, discussing, and providing a context for stressful experiences during the psychiatry clerkship are likely to bring about productive approaches to improve recruitment into the field as well as to improve all students' psychiatric education.
本研究描述了医学生对精神病学领域的看法，并确定这些看法对他们职业选择的影响，以探讨以下问题：作为一个领域，我们是否正在尽我们所能提升所有医学生的教育体验，无论他们的职业偏好如何？鼓励有兴趣的医学生的最恰当方式是什么，以便针对最容易接受的学生进行更有针对性的招募努力？
一所位于东北部城市的私立大学医学院的三年级（n = 131）和四年级医学生（n = 117）完成了匿名的自我报告问卷。学生们对智力兴趣、地位、收入潜力、医疗改革、生活质量、满意度以及与精神病患者共事的压力对他们考虑从事精神病学职业的影响进行了评分。然后，受访者被系统地分为两组：1）那些将精神病学视为可能职业选择的人，2）那些不这样认为的人。
与被归类为“未认真考虑”从事精神病学职业的学生相比，被归类为“认真考虑”的学生对该领域的智力内容和生活质量给予了显著更高的正面评价。两组学生在与精神病患者共事的满意度方面也存在显著差异。两组学生同样关注该领域的压力水平。
承认、讨论并为精神病学实习期间的压力经历提供背景信息，可能会带来富有成效的方法，以改善该领域的招募情况，并提高所有学生的精神病学教育水平。
