Thomas Fiona H, Vanderhyden Barbara C
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Health Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2006 Apr 12;4:19. doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-4-19.
Ovarian folliculogenesis is regulated by both endocrine and intraovarian mechanisms that coordinate the processes of oocyte growth and somatic cell proliferation and differentiation. Within the follicle, paracrine interactions between the oocyte and surrounding granulosa cells are critical for normal cell development and function. This review focuses on the role of paracrine interactions during early oocyte and follicular development that ensure proper coordination of oocyte and somatic cell function. Particular emphasis is given to granulosa cell-derived Kit Ligand (KitL), whose functional importance for oocyte growth has been demonstrated by a wide range of in vivo and in vitro studies. Reported interactions between KitL and oocyte-derived growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP15) suggest the molecular basis of oocyte-granulosa cell interactions, but also hint at the complexity of these communications. These paracrine interactions and the structure of the oocyte-granulosa cell interface are follicle stage-specific and regulated by FSH. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that promote the development of healthy oocytes with good developmental competence has potential applications for improving fertility and for in vitro growth systems for oocytes from domestic animals and humans.
卵巢卵泡发生受内分泌和卵巢内机制调控，这些机制协调卵母细胞生长以及体细胞增殖和分化过程。在卵泡内，卵母细胞与周围颗粒细胞之间的旁分泌相互作用对于正常细胞发育和功能至关重要。本综述聚焦于早期卵母细胞和卵泡发育过程中旁分泌相互作用的作用，这些相互作用确保卵母细胞和体细胞功能的恰当协调。特别强调颗粒细胞衍生的Kit配体（KitL），大量体内和体外研究已证明其对卵母细胞生长具有重要功能。报道的KitL与卵母细胞衍生的生长分化因子9（GDF9）和骨形态发生蛋白15（BMP15）之间的相互作用揭示了卵母细胞 - 颗粒细胞相互作用的分子基础，但也暗示了这些通讯的复杂性。这些旁分泌相互作用以及卵母细胞 - 颗粒细胞界面的结构具有卵泡阶段特异性，并受促卵泡激素（FSH）调控。阐明促进具有良好发育能力的健康卵母细胞发育的分子机制，对于提高生育能力以及家畜和人类卵母细胞的体外生长系统具有潜在应用价值。
