Cianfarani S, Ladaki C, Geremia C
Rina Balducci Centre of Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Public Health and Cell Biology, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
Horm Res. 2006;65 Suppl 3:70-4. doi: 10.1159/000091509. Epub 2006 Apr 10.
Children born small for gestational age (SGA) are at high risk of permanent short stature, with approximately 10% continuing to have stature below the third centile throughout childhood and adolescence and into adulthood. The mechanisms involved in catch-up growth, and those that prevent catch-up growth, are still unknown. To date, no reliable anthropometric or endocrine parameter predictive of postnatal catch-up growth has been identified. However, subtle abnormalities in the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor axis, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and thyroid function have been described, and a mechanism involving intrauterine programming of hypothalamic-pituitary function has been proposed.
小于胎龄儿（SGA）出生后有永久性身材矮小的高风险，约10%的患儿在整个儿童期、青春期直至成年期身高仍低于第三百分位。追赶生长所涉及的机制以及那些阻止追赶生长的机制仍不清楚。迄今为止，尚未发现可预测出生后追赶生长的可靠人体测量学或内分泌参数。然而，已有关于生长激素-胰岛素样生长因子轴、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴及甲状腺功能的细微异常的描述，并且有人提出了一种涉及下丘脑-垂体功能宫内编程的机制。
