Nimmo Lisa M, Lewandowsky Stephan
University of Western Australia, Crawley.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2005 Dec;12(6):999-1004.
Theoretical explanations of short-term memory for serial order can be classified on the basis of whether or not they invoke time as a causal variable. According to time-based accounts, such as temporal distinctiveness theories, there is an intimate link between time and memory. Event-based theories, by contrast, postulate processes such as interference or rehearsal to account for seemingly temporal phenomena in short-term memory. We report an experiment that examined whether extended temporal isolation benefits serial recall performance. Regardless of whether the participants were quiet or performed articulatory suppression during list presentation, temporal isolation did not benefit memory even if items were separated from their neighbors by up to 7 sec. These findings challenge time-based theories of short-term memory.
关于序列顺序的短期记忆的理论解释可以根据它们是否将时间作为一个因果变量来进行分类。根据基于时间的解释，比如时间独特性理论，时间和记忆之间存在着紧密的联系。相比之下，基于事件的理论假定了干扰或复述等过程，以解释短期记忆中看似与时间有关的现象。我们报告了一项实验，该实验检验了延长时间间隔是否有利于序列回忆表现。无论参与者在呈现列表时是安静状态还是进行发音抑制，即使项目与其相邻项目之间的间隔长达7秒，时间间隔对记忆也没有帮助。这些发现对基于时间的短期记忆理论提出了挑战。
