Allen Nicholas B, Chambers Richard, Knight Wendy
ORYGEN Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2006 Apr;40(4):285-94. doi: 10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01794.x.
This paper, composed by an interest group of clinicians and researchers based in Melbourne, presents some background to the practice of mindfulness-based therapies as relevant to the general professional reader. We address the empirical evidence for these therapies, the principles through which they might operate, some practical questions facing those wishing to commence practice in this area or to refer patients into mindfulness-based therapies, and some considerations relevant to the conduct and interpretation of research into the therapeutic application of mindfulness.
Databases (e.g. PsycINFO, MEDLINE) were searched for literature on the impact of mindfulness interventions, and the psychological and biological mechanisms that underpin the effects of mindfulness practice. This paper also draws upon the clinical experience of the author group.
Mindfulness practice and principles have their origins in many contemplative and philosophical traditions but individuals can effectively adopt the training and practice of mindfulness in the absence of such traditions or vocabulary. A recent surge of interest regarding mindfulness in therapeutic techniques can be attributed to the publication of some well-designed empirical evaluations of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Arising from this as well as a broader history of clinical integration of mindfulness and Western psychotherapies, a growing number of clinicians have interest and enthusiasm to learn the techniques of mindfulness and to integrate them into their therapeutic work. This review highlights the importance of accurate professional awareness and understanding of mindfulness and its therapeutic applications.
The theoretical and empirical literatures on therapeutic applications of mindfulness are in states of significant growth and development. This group suggests, based on this review, that the combination of some well-developed conceptual models for the therapeutic action of mindfulness and a developing empirical base, justifies a degree of optimism that mindfulness-based approaches will become helpful strategies to offer in the care of patients with a wide range of mental and physical health problems.
本文由墨尔本的一组临床医生和研究人员组成的兴趣小组撰写，为普通专业读者介绍与正念疗法实践相关的一些背景知识。我们阐述了这些疗法的实证依据、它们可能起作用的原理、那些希望开始在该领域实践或推荐患者接受正念疗法的人面临的一些实际问题，以及与正念治疗应用研究的开展和解读相关的一些考量。
检索数据库（如心理学文摘数据库、医学期刊数据库）以获取关于正念干预影响以及正念练习效果背后的心理和生物学机制的文献。本文还借鉴了作者团队的临床经验。
正念练习和原理起源于许多沉思和哲学传统，但个人在没有这些传统或相关词汇的情况下也能有效地采用正念训练和练习。近期对正念在治疗技术方面的兴趣激增可归因于一些精心设计的正念认知疗法实证评估的发表。基于此以及正念与西方心理治疗临床整合的更广泛历史，越来越多的临床医生有兴趣并热衷于学习正念技术并将其融入治疗工作中。本综述强调了对正念及其治疗应用有准确的专业认识和理解的重要性。
关于正念治疗应用的理论和实证文献正处于显著增长和发展阶段。基于本综述，该小组认为，一些完善的正念治疗作用概念模型与不断发展的实证基础相结合，有理由让人乐观地认为基于正念的方法将成为为患有各种身心健康问题的患者提供帮助的策略。
