Krause C, Kirschbaum J, Brückner H
Department of Food Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Amino Acids. 2006 Jun;30(4):435-43. doi: 10.1007/s00726-005-0275-9. Epub 2006 Apr 20.
"Proteomics" and "peptidomics" are used as technical terms to define the analysis and study of all proteins and peptides expressed in an organism or tissue. In analogy we propose the name peptaibiomics for the analysis of a group of fungal peptide antibiotics (peptaibiotics) containing the characteristic amino acid Aib (alpha-aminoisobutyric acid). In analogy to the peptidome the complete expression of peptaibiotics by fungal multienzyme complexes should be named the peptaibiome. Peptaibiotics are defined as peptides containing Aib and exerting a variety of bioactivities. They comprise the sub-groups of N-acetylated peptaibols, characterized also by a C-terminal amide-linked 2-amino alcohol, and lipopeptaibols having in place of an acetyl group a lipophilic fatty acid acyl group. Furthermore, lipoaminopeptides are also known with long-chain fatty acid on the N-termini, a lipoamino acid in position three and a strongly basic secondary or tertiary amine form a subgroup of mixed forms which could not be integrated in one of these three previously mentioned groups. Here we present a specific and rapid screening method on the peptaibiome applicable directly onto filamentous fungi cultured in a single Petri dish. The method comprises solid-phase extraction (SPE) of peptaibiotics followed by on-line reversed-phase HPLC coupled to an ion trap electrospray tandem mass spectrometer (ES-MS). The presence of these peptides is indicated by characteristic mass differences of Deltam = 85.1 Da representing Aib-residues which can be observed in the b-series of acylium fragment ions resulting from ES-MS. Partial sequences can be deduced from the data and compared with structures compiled in electronic peptaibol data bases. The judgement is possible whether or not structures are novel, already known or related to known structures. Suitability of the method is demonstrated with the analysis of strains of Trichoderma and its teleomorph Hypocrea. New sequences of peptaibiotics are presented and those being related to established 10- to 18-residue peptaibols trichovirin, trichogin and trichotoxin, which have been described in the literature.
“蛋白质组学”和“肽组学”被用作技术术语，用于定义对生物体或组织中表达的所有蛋白质和肽进行的分析和研究。类似地，我们提出了“短杆菌肽组学”这个名称，用于分析一组含有特征性氨基酸Aib（α-氨基异丁酸）的真菌肽抗生素（短杆菌肽）。与肽组类似，真菌多酶复合物对短杆菌肽的完整表达应称为短杆菌肽组。短杆菌肽被定义为含有Aib并具有多种生物活性的肽。它们包括N-乙酰化短杆菌肽醇亚组，其特征还在于C末端酰胺连接的2-氨基醇，以及具有亲脂性脂肪酸酰基取代乙酰基的脂肽短杆菌肽醇。此外，还已知N末端带有长链脂肪酸、第3位为脂氨基酸且具有强碱性仲胺或叔胺的脂氨基肽，它们形成了一个混合形式的亚组，无法归入上述三个组中的任何一组。在此，我们提出了一种针对短杆菌肽组的特异性快速筛选方法，该方法可直接应用于培养在单个培养皿中的丝状真菌。该方法包括对短杆菌肽进行固相萃取（SPE），然后将在线反相HPLC与离子阱电喷雾串联质谱仪（ES-MS）联用。这些肽的存在通过代表Aib残基的Δm = 85.1 Da的特征质量差异来表明，这可以在ES-MS产生的酰鎓碎片离子的b系列中观察到。可以从数据中推导部分序列，并与电子短杆菌肽数据库中汇编的结构进行比较。可以判断结构是新颖的、已知的还是与已知结构相关的。通过对木霉及其有性型肉座菌的菌株进行分析，证明了该方法的适用性。展示了短杆菌肽的新序列以及与文献中描述的已确立的10至18个残基的短杆菌肽trichovirin、trichogin和trichotoxin相关的序列。
