Wu Qiong, Sun Ruiyan, Ni Mi, Yu Jia, Li Yaqian, Yu Chuanjin, Dou Kai, Ren Jianhong, Chen Jie
Department of Environment and Resource, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
PLoS One. 2017 Jun 23;12(6):e0179957. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179957. eCollection 2017.
Due to its efficient broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, Trichoderma has been established as an internationally recognized biocontrol fungus. In this study, we found and identified a novel strain of Trichoderma asperellum, named GDFS1009. The mycelium of T. asperellum GDFS1009 exhibits a high growth rate, high sporulation capacity, and strong inhibitory effects against pathogens that cause cucumber fusarium wilt and corn stalk rot. T. asperellum GDFS1009 secretes chitinase, glucanase, and protease, which can degrade the cell walls of fungi and contribute to mycoparasitism. The secreted xylanases are good candidates for inducing plant resistance and enhancing plant immunity against pathogens. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that T. asperellum GDFS1009 produces primary metabolites that are precursors of antimicrobial compounds; it also produces a variety of antimicrobial secondary metabolites, including polyketides and alkanes. In addition, this study speculated the presence of six antimicrobial peptides via ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). Future studies should focus on these antimicrobial metabolites for facilitating widespread application in the field of agricultural bio-control.
由于其高效的广谱抗菌活性，木霉已被确立为一种国际认可的生物防治真菌。在本研究中，我们发现并鉴定了一种新型的棘孢木霉菌株，命名为GDFS1009。棘孢木霉GDFS1009的菌丝体生长速率高、产孢能力强，对引起黄瓜枯萎病和玉米茎腐病的病原菌具有很强的抑制作用。棘孢木霉GDFS1009分泌几丁质酶、葡聚糖酶和蛋白酶，这些酶可以降解真菌细胞壁并有助于菌寄生。分泌的木聚糖酶是诱导植物抗性和增强植物对病原体免疫力的良好候选物质。RNA测序（RNA-seq）和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）表明，棘孢木霉GDFS1009产生作为抗菌化合物前体的初级代谢产物；它还产生多种抗菌次级代谢产物，包括聚酮化合物和烷烃。此外，本研究通过超高效液相色谱四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS）推测存在六种抗菌肽。未来的研究应关注这些抗菌代谢产物，以便在农业生物防治领域广泛应用。
