Fujita Kentaro, Henderson Marlone D, Eng Juliana, Trope Yaacov, Liberman Nira
New York University, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2006 Apr;17(4):278-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01698.x.
Construal-level theory proposes that increasing the reported spatial distance of events leads individuals to represent the events by their central, abstract, global features (high-level construal) rather than by their peripheral, concrete, local features (low-level construal). Results of two experiments indicated that participants preferred to identify actions as ends rather than as means to a greater extent when these actions occurred at a spatially distant, as opposed to near, location (Study 1), and that they used more abstract language to recall spatially distant events, compared with near events (Study 2). These findings suggest that spatially distant events are associated with high-level construals, and that spatial distance can be conceptualized as a dimension of psychological distance.
解释水平理论提出，增加所报告事件的空间距离会使个体通过事件的核心、抽象、全局特征（高解释水平）而非其边缘、具体、局部特征（低解释水平）来表征这些事件。两项实验的结果表明，当这些行为发生在空间上较远而非较近的位置时，参与者更倾向于将行为视为目的而非手段（研究1），并且与近距事件相比，他们在回忆空间上较远的事件时使用了更抽象的语言（研究2）。这些发现表明，空间上较远的事件与高解释水平相关联，并且空间距离可以被概念化为心理距离的一个维度。
