Krishnan Vinod, Davidovitch Ze'ev
Department of Orthodontics, Rajas Dental College, Tirunelveli District, Tamilnadu, India.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006 Apr;129(4):469.e1-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2005.10.007.
Remodeling changes in paradental tissues are considered essential in effecting orthodontic tooth movement. The force-induced tissue strain produces local alterations in vascularity, as well as cellular and extracellular matrix reorganization, leading to the synthesis and release of various neurotransmitters, cytokines, growth factors, colony-stimulating factors, and metabolites of arachidonic acid. Recent research in the biological basis of tooth movement has provided detailed insight into molecular, cellular, and tissue-level reactions to orthodontic forces. Although many studies have been reported in the orthodontic and related scientific literature, a concise convergence of all data is still lacking. Such an amalgamation of the rapidly accumulating scientific information should help orthodontic clinicians and educators understand the biological processes that underlie the phenomenon of tooth movement with mechanics (removable, fixed, or functional appliances). This review aims to achieve this goal and is organized to include all major findings from the beginning of research in the biology of tooth movement. It highlights recent developments in cellular, molecular, tissue, and genetic reactions in response to orthodontic force application. It reviews briefly the processes of bone, periodontal ligament, and gingival remodeling in response to orthodontic force. This review also provides insight into the biological background of various deleterious effects of orthodontic forces.
牙周组织的重塑变化被认为是实现正畸牙齿移动的关键。力诱导的组织应变会引起血管的局部改变，以及细胞和细胞外基质的重组，从而导致各种神经递质、细胞因子、生长因子、集落刺激因子和花生四烯酸代谢产物的合成与释放。近期关于牙齿移动生物学基础的研究，为正畸力作用下分子、细胞和组织水平的反应提供了详细的见解。尽管正畸及相关科学文献中已有许多研究报道，但仍缺乏对所有数据的简明汇总。将迅速积累的科学信息进行这样的整合，应有助于正畸临床医生和教育工作者理解牙齿移动现象背后的生物学过程（可摘矫治器、固定矫治器或功能性矫治器）。本综述旨在实现这一目标，并按牙齿移动生物学研究起始以来的所有主要发现进行编排。它突出了正畸力作用下细胞、分子、组织和遗传反应的最新进展。简要回顾了正畸力作用下骨、牙周韧带和牙龈的重塑过程。本综述还深入探讨了正畸力各种有害影响的生物学背景。
