Meeran Nazeer Ahmed
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Priyadarshini Dental College and Hospital, Thiruvallur Taluk, Pandur, Tamilnadu, India.
J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2013 Jan;17(1):16-20. doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.107468.
During application of controlled orthodontic force on teeth, remodeling of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and the alveolar bone takes place. Orthodontic forces induce a multifaceted bone remodeling response. Osteoclasts responsible for bone resorption are mainly derived from the macrophages and osteoblasts are produced by proliferations of the cells of the periodontal ligament. Orthodontic force produces local alterations in vascularity, as well as cellular and extracellular matrix reorganization, leading to the synthesis and release of various neurotransmitters, cytokines, growth factors, colony-stimulating factors, and metabolites of arachidonic acid. Although many studies have been reported in the orthodontic and related scientific literature, research is constantly being done in this field resulting in numerous current updates in the biology of tooth movement, in response to orthodontic force. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe the mechanical and biological processes taking place at the cellular level during orthodontic tooth movement.
在对牙齿施加控制性正畸力的过程中，牙周韧带（PDL）和牙槽骨会发生重塑。正畸力会引发多方面的骨重塑反应。负责骨吸收的破骨细胞主要来源于巨噬细胞，而成骨细胞则由牙周韧带细胞增殖产生。正畸力会引起局部血管变化以及细胞和细胞外基质的重组，导致各种神经递质、细胞因子、生长因子、集落刺激因子和花生四烯酸代谢产物的合成与释放。尽管正畸及相关科学文献中已有许多研究报道，但该领域仍在不断开展研究，从而在牙齿移动生物学方面产生了众多最新进展，以应对正畸力。因此，本综述的目的是描述正畸牙齿移动过程中细胞水平上发生的机械和生物学过程。
