Elango J Kalavathy, Gangadharan P, Sumithra S, Kuriakose M A
Head and Neck Institute, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center (Deemed University) Cochin, Kerala, India-682026.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2006 Jan-Mar;7(1):108-12.
The sub-site predilection of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) reflects the risk profile of a community and there are suggestions that these are changing over time.
To determine the change in head and neck cancer in rural and urban populations in India.
Cancer registry data of an urban and a rural population were reviewed over a period of 13 and 11 years, respectively. Age adjusted rates (AAR) and age specific incidence rates were used for data analysis.
Oral cancers formed the majority of the head and neck cancers with a predilection for tongue, except in rural males, in whom the pharynx was the predominant sub-site. Overall there was a reduction in the incidence of HNSCC, which was more pronounced in urban females and rural males (p< .001). Among the sub-sites, oral cavity cancers showed a decreasing trend in urban females (p< .01) and rural males (p< .01). However, the trend was towards increase of incidence of tongue cancers. Pharyngeal cancer showed reduction in urban females (p< .01), whereas it increased in rural females. The recent increase in incidence of young adults with HNSCC reported in developed countries was not observed.
Overall, incidence of HNSCC is reducing. This may be attributed to the decreased prevalence of tobacco use. The increase in incidence of tongue cancer may suggest factors other than tobacco and alcohol in its genesis.
头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）的亚部位偏好反映了一个社区的风险特征，并且有迹象表明这些特征会随时间变化。
确定印度农村和城市人口中头颈部癌症的变化情况。
分别回顾了城市和农村人口13年和11年的癌症登记数据。采用年龄调整率（AAR）和年龄别发病率进行数据分析。
口腔癌占头颈部癌症的大多数，主要发生在舌部，但农村男性除外，在农村男性中，咽部是主要的亚部位。总体而言，HNSCC的发病率有所下降，在城市女性和农村男性中更为明显（p <.001）。在各亚部位中，口腔癌在城市女性（p <.01）和农村男性（p <.01）中呈下降趋势。然而，舌癌的发病率呈上升趋势。下咽癌在城市女性中有所下降（p <.01），而在农村女性中有所上升。未观察到发达国家近期报道的HNSCC在年轻成年人中发病率增加的情况。
总体而言，HNSCC的发病率正在下降。这可能归因于烟草使用流行率的降低。舌癌发病率的增加可能表明其发生除了烟草和酒精之外还有其他因素。
