Cha Young May, White Aaron M, Kuhn Cynthia M, Wilson Wilkie A, Swartzwelder H S
Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2006 Mar;83(3):448-55. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2006.03.006. Epub 2006 May 2.
Marijuana use remains strikingly high among young users in the U.S., and yet few studies have assessed the effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in adolescents compared to adults. This study measured the effects of THC on male adolescent and adult rats in the Morris water maze. In Experiment 1, adolescent (PD=30-32) and adult (PD=65-70) rats were treated acutely with 5.0 mg/kg THC or vehicle while trained on the spatial version of the water maze on five consecutive days. In Experiment 2, adolescent and adult rats were treated acutely with 2.5 or 10.0 mg/kg THC or vehicle while trained on either the spatial and non-spatial versions of the water maze. In Experiment 3, adolescent and adult rats were treated with 5.0 mg/kg THC or vehicle daily for 21 days, and were trained on the spatial and then the non-spatial versions of the water maze task four weeks later in the absence of THC. THC impaired both spatial and nonspatial learning more in adolescents than in adults at all doses tested. However, there were no long-lasting significant effects on either spatial or non-spatial learning in rats that had been previously exposed to THC for 21 days. This developmental sensitivity is analogous to the effects of ethanol, another commonly used recreational drug.
在美国，年轻使用者中大麻的使用率仍然高得惊人，然而与成年人相比，很少有研究评估δ9-四氢大麻酚（THC）对青少年的影响。本研究在莫里斯水迷宫中测量了THC对雄性青少年和成年大鼠的影响。在实验1中，青少年（出生后天数=30-32）和成年（出生后天数=65-70）大鼠在连续五天接受空间版水迷宫训练的同时，急性给予5.0mg/kg THC或赋形剂。在实验2中，青少年和成年大鼠在接受空间版和非空间版水迷宫训练的同时，急性给予2.5或10.0mg/kg THC或赋形剂。在实验3中，青少年和成年大鼠每天给予5.0mg/kg THC或赋形剂，持续21天，四周后在不使用THC的情况下，先接受空间版水迷宫任务训练，然后接受非空间版水迷宫任务训练。在所有测试剂量下，THC对青少年空间和非空间学习的损害均大于成年大鼠。然而，对于先前接触THC 21天的大鼠，THC对其空间或非空间学习均没有长期的显著影响。这种发育敏感性类似于另一种常用娱乐性药物乙醇的作用。
