Pedraza Muriel Vicente
Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Granada, Spain.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2006 Feb;8(2):83-93. doi: 10.1007/s12094-006-0163-0.
The quantitative analysis of the cell dose-survival curves, the randomness of cell killing by radiation, the probabilistic basis of the response to irradiation of tumors and normal tissues, the understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying to this response, the rationale for dose-time and fractionation in radiotherapy, the introduction of the concepts of tumor control probability (TCP) and biologically effective dose (BED), the relationships TCP-dose, BED-alpha/beta BED-fraction size and BED-treatment time, the problems associated with the accelerated regeneration of surviving tumor clonogens during the course of fractionated radiotherapy, the new demands of knowledge on oncology and radiation biology derived from heterogeneous dose distributions in conformal radiation therapy programs and the definition of the biological basis of normal tissues tolerance to reirradiation are, probably, the most important contributions of radiobiology to clinical radiotherapy in the last twenty five years. Radiotherapy is today a scientific discipline based on the interplay of mathematics, physics, biology and oncology. The knowledge of the basic concepts of radiobiology is essential for daily radiotherapy practices and for all oncologists. The most efficient use of multimodality treatments in cancer therapy cannot be done without a clear understanding of these principles.
细胞剂量存活曲线的定量分析、辐射对细胞杀伤的随机性、肿瘤和正常组织对辐射反应的概率基础、对这种反应背后生物学机制的理解、放射治疗中剂量 - 时间和分割的原理、肿瘤控制概率（TCP）和生物等效剂量（BED）概念的引入、TCP 与剂量、BED 与α/β、BED 与分次剂量大小以及 BED 与治疗时间的关系、分次放射治疗过程中存活肿瘤克隆原细胞加速再生相关的问题、适形放射治疗计划中不均匀剂量分布对肿瘤学和放射生物学知识提出的新要求以及正常组织对再照射耐受性的生物学基础的定义，可能是过去二十五年放射生物学对临床放射治疗最重要的贡献。如今，放射治疗是一门基于数学、物理、生物学和肿瘤学相互作用的科学学科。放射生物学基本概念的知识对于日常放射治疗实践以及所有肿瘤学家来说都是必不可少的。如果不清晰理解这些原理，就无法最有效地利用癌症治疗中的多模态治疗方法。
