Hill P B, Lo A, Eden C A N, Huntley S, Morey V, Ramsey S, Richardson C, Smith D J, Sutton C, Taylor M D, Thorpe E, Tidmarsh R, Williams V
Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG.
Vet Rec. 2006 Apr 22;158(16):533-9. doi: 10.1136/vr.158.16.533.
A survey was made of the prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of dermatological conditions in small animals in general practice in the UK. Out of 3707 small animal consultations in general practice that were observed and recorded, 795 (21.4 per cent) involved animals that had a dermatological problem. In dogs and exotic species, pruritus was the most common presenting sign, accounting for 30 to 40 per cent of the dermatological consultations. In cats, cutaneous swellings were the most common presentation (36 per cent). A diagnosis or recommendation for treatment was made on the basis of the presenting clinical signs and physical examination alone in 576 (72 per cent) of the cases, and various diagnostic tests were performed in the other cases. In dogs, parasitic infestations, bacterial infections and neoplasia accounted for the majority of the diagnoses. In cats, parasites and bacterial infections were the most common. In exotic species, parasites accounted for over 80 per cent of the dermatological diagnoses. In dogs, the most common final diagnoses were otitis, pyoderma, anal sac impaction, flea infestation and atopic dermatitis. In cats, abscesses, flea infestation, and otitis were the most common diagnoses. In exotic species, the most common diagnosis was an unspecified mite infestation. Systemic antibiotics were prescribed in 196 cases (25 per cent), systemic glucocorticoids were prescribed in 162 cases (20 per cent) and treatment with an ectoparasiticide was prescribed in 167 cases (21 per cent).
针对英国全科医疗中患病小动物皮肤病的患病率、诊断及治疗情况开展了一项调查。在观察并记录的3707例全科医疗小动物诊疗案例中，795例（21.4%）涉及患有皮肤病问题的动物。在犬类和外来物种中，瘙痒是最常见的就诊症状，占皮肤病诊疗案例的30%至40%。在猫中，皮肤肿胀是最常见的症状表现（36%）。576例（72%）病例仅根据就诊时的临床症状和体格检查做出了诊断或治疗建议，其他病例则进行了各种诊断检测。在犬类中，寄生虫感染、细菌感染和肿瘤占诊断病例的大多数。在猫中，寄生虫和细菌感染最为常见。在外来物种中，寄生虫占皮肤病诊断病例的80%以上。在犬类中，最常见的最终诊断为中耳炎、脓皮病、肛门囊堵塞、跳蚤感染和特应性皮炎。在猫中，脓肿、跳蚤感染和中耳炎是最常见的诊断。在外来物种中，最常见的诊断是未明确的螨虫感染。196例（25%）病例开具了全身性抗生素，162例（20%）病例开具了全身性糖皮质激素，167例（21%）病例开具了外用杀虫剂进行治疗。
