Maquirriain J, Megey P J
National High Performance Training Centre (CeNARD), Argentine Tennis Association, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Br J Sports Med. 2006 May;40(5):451-3. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.023390.
Complete rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) causes significant alteration of knee joint kinematics. Untreated patients often develop joint instability, chronic articular degeneration, and knee dysfunction. Demands on the ACL produced by playing tennis have not been investigated.
To identify subjective sport-specific limitations in tennis players with isolated unilateral ACL deficiency.
Prospective case-control study.
16 players (mean (SD) age, 39.9 (2.3) years; 14 men) with a chronic unilateral ACL deficient knee and 16 healthy controls (38.25 (8.47) years; 14 men) were recruited. ACL deficiency was confirmed by clinical and magnetic resonance imaging. A Lysholm score was obtained in all patients, together with subjective evaluation of their current tennis performance compared with pre-injury levels, applying a 0-100% visual scale. Both groups completed a questionnaire on tennis specific abilities.
Lysholm scores were: 85.6 (10.3) points in the study group and 100 (0) points in the control group (p<0.001, t test for independent samples). Injured players evaluated their current tennis performance as 66.8 (15.2)% compared with 100% pre-injury level (p<0.005, t test for dependent samples). Abilities affected in the ACL deficient group were landing after a smash stroke (p<0.001); stopping abruptly and changing (p<0.001); playing a three set singles match (p<0.05); and playing on a hard court surface (p<0.001, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test).
There are specific limitations associated with complete isolated ACL rupture, including subjective tennis performance impairment, limitations landing after a smash, stopping and changing step direction, difficulties playing a three set singles match, and playing on hard court surfaces.
前交叉韧带（ACL）完全断裂会导致膝关节运动学显著改变。未经治疗的患者常出现关节不稳定、慢性关节退变和膝关节功能障碍。网球运动对ACL产生的需求尚未得到研究。
确定孤立性单侧ACL缺失的网球运动员特定运动方面的主观限制因素。
前瞻性病例对照研究。
招募了16名患有慢性单侧ACL缺失膝关节的运动员（平均（标准差）年龄，39.9（2.3）岁；14名男性）和16名健康对照者（38.25（8.47）岁；14名男性）。通过临床和磁共振成像确认ACL缺失。所有患者均获得Lysholm评分，并使用0 - 100%视觉量表对其当前网球表现与受伤前水平进行主观评估。两组均完成了一份关于网球特定能力的问卷。
研究组的Lysholm评分为85.6（10.3）分，对照组为100（0）分（p<0.001，独立样本t检验）。受伤运动员将其当前网球表现评估为受伤前水平的66.8（15.2）%（p<0.005，配对样本t检验）。ACL缺失组受影响的能力包括扣杀击球后落地（p<0.001）；突然停止和变向（p<0.001）；进行三盘单打比赛（p<0.05）；以及在硬地球场上比赛（p<0.001，柯尔莫哥洛夫 - 斯米尔诺夫检验）。
完全孤立性ACL断裂存在特定限制因素，包括网球表现主观受损、扣杀击球后落地受限、停止和改变步向困难、进行三盘单打比赛困难以及在硬地球场上比赛困难。
