Shirey Maria R
College of Nursing and Health Professions, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, IN, USA.
Am J Crit Care. 2006 May;15(3):256-67.
Implementation of authentic leadership can affect not only the nursing workforce and the profession but the healthcare delivery system and society as a whole. Creating a healthy work environment for nursing practice is crucial to maintain an adequate nursing workforce; the stressful nature of the profession often leads to burnout, disability, and high absenteeism and ultimately contributes to the escalating shortage of nurses. Leaders play a pivotal role in retention of nurses by shaping the healthcare practice environment to produce quality outcomes for staff nurses and patients. Few guidelines are available, however, for creating and sustaining the critical elements of a healthy work environment. In 2005, the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses released a landmark publication specifying 6 standards (skilled communication, true collaboration, effective decision making, appropriate staffing, meaningful recognition, and authentic leadership) necessary to establish and sustain healthy work environments in healthcare. Authentic leadership was described as the "glue" needed to hold together a healthy work environment. Now, the roles and relationships of authentic leaders in the healthy work environment are clarified as follows: An expanded definition of authentic leadership and its attributes (eg, genuineness, trustworthiness, reliability, compassion, and believability) is presented. Mechanisms by which authentic leaders can create healthy work environments for practice (eg, engaging employees in the work environment to promote positive behaviors) are described. A practical guide on how to become an authentic leader is advanced. A research agenda to advance the study of authentic leadership in nursing practice through collaboration between nursing and business is proposed.
实施真诚领导不仅会影响护理人员队伍和护理行业，还会影响整个医疗服务体系和社会。为护理实践营造健康的工作环境对于维持充足的护理人员队伍至关重要；该行业的压力性质往往导致职业倦怠、残疾和高缺勤率，并最终导致护士短缺情况不断加剧。领导者通过塑造医疗实践环境，为护士和患者带来优质成果，在留住护士方面发挥着关键作用。然而，关于创建和维持健康工作环境关键要素的指导方针却很少。2005年，美国重症护理护士协会发布了一份具有里程碑意义的出版物，明确了在医疗保健领域建立和维持健康工作环境所需的6项标准（熟练沟通、真正协作、有效决策、合理排班、有意义的认可和真诚领导）。真诚领导被描述为维系健康工作环境所需的“粘合剂”。现在，真诚领导者在健康工作环境中的角色和关系如下所述：提出了真诚领导及其属性（如真诚、可信赖、可靠、同情心和可信度）的扩展定义。描述了真诚领导者为实践创造健康工作环境的机制（如让员工参与工作环境以促进积极行为）。提出了一份关于如何成为真诚领导者的实用指南。提出了一项研究议程，以通过护理与商业之间的合作推进护理实践中真诚领导的研究。
