Mundy M E, Dwyer D M, Honey R C
School of Psychology, Cardiff University, UK.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 2006 Apr;32(2):178-84. doi: 10.1037/0097-7403.32.2.178.
Perceptual learning in humans was examined in 2 experiments. In Experiment 1, participants received intermixed exposure to 2 similar compounds (AX, BX, AX, BX, . . .) and blocked exposure to a 2nd pair of similar compounds (CY, CY, . . . , DY, DY, . . .). Aversions established to AX and CY generalized less to BX than to DY. In Experiment 2, 1 pair of compounds was presented in a forward order (i.e., AX3BX), whereas the 2nd pair of compounds was presented in a backward order (i.e., DY-->CY). Aversions established to AX and CY generalized less to BX than to DY. These results indicate that inhibitory associations contribute to perceptual learning in humans and thereby establish a fundamental similarity between the mechanisms that underlie perceptual learning in humans and rats.
通过两个实验对人类的知觉学习进行了研究。在实验1中，参与者对两种相似的化合物（AX、BX、AX、BX……）进行混合接触，并对另一对相似的化合物（CY、CY……、DY、DY……）进行分组接触。对AX和CY形成的厌恶反应向BX的泛化程度低于向DY的泛化程度。在实验2中，一对化合物按正向顺序呈现（即AX→BX），而另一对化合物按反向顺序呈现（即DY→CY）。对AX和CY形成的厌恶反应向BX的泛化程度低于向DY的泛化程度。这些结果表明，抑制性联想有助于人类的知觉学习，从而在人类和大鼠知觉学习的潜在机制之间建立了基本的相似性。
