Miller Jeff, Schwarz Wolfgang
Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2006 Apr;32(2):394-412. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.32.2.394.
A diffusion model for simple reaction time (RT) and temporal order judgment (TOJ) tasks was developed to account for a commonly observed dissociation between these 2 tasks: Most stimulus manipulations (e.g., intensity) have larger effects in RT tasks than in TOJ tasks. The model assumes that a detection criterion determines the level of sensory evidence needed to conclude that a stimulus has been presented. Analysis of the performance that would be achieved with different possible criterion settings revealed that performance was optimal with a lower criterion setting for the TOJ task than for the RT task. In addition, the model predicts that effects of stimulus manipulations should increase with the size of the detection criterion. Thus, the model suggests that commonly observed dissociations between RT and TOJ tasks may simply be due to performance optimization in the face of conflicting task demands.
开发了一种用于简单反应时间（RT）和时间顺序判断（TOJ）任务的扩散模型，以解释这两项任务之间常见的分离现象：大多数刺激操作（如强度）在RT任务中的影响比在TOJ任务中更大。该模型假设，一个检测标准决定了得出刺激已呈现所需的感觉证据水平。对不同可能标准设置下的表现进行分析后发现，TOJ任务的标准设置低于RT任务时，表现最佳。此外，该模型预测，刺激操作的影响应随检测标准的大小而增加。因此，该模型表明，RT和TOJ任务之间常见的分离现象可能仅仅是由于面对相互冲突的任务需求时的表现优化。
