Hong Ryan Y
Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ont., Canada N6A-5C2.
Behav Res Ther. 2007 Feb;45(2):277-90. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2006.03.006. Epub 2006 Apr 25.
Worry and rumination are closely allied cognitive processes that impact on the experience of anxious and depressive symptoms. Using a prospective design, this study examined overlapping and distinct features of worry and rumination in relation to symptoms and coping behavior in a nonclinical sample of Singaporean college students. Worry and rumination were highly correlated, but they retained distinct components that predicted anxious and depressive symptoms differentially within and across time. Specifically, worry was uniquely associated with anxious and depressive symptoms whereas rumination was uniquely related to depression. In comparison to rumination, worry emerged as the dominant cognitive vulnerability factor that predicted increments in symptoms over time. With regards to coping behavior, low perceived coping effectiveness partially mediated the relation between worry and increases in anxiety and depression. Conversely, rumination uniquely predicted higher disengagement from problems, which resulted in further exacerbation of depressive mood. These results demonstrated not only the distinct features of worry and rumination on coping behavior, but also the different coping pathways by which they differentially impact on subsequent symptoms.
担忧和沉思是紧密相关的认知过程，会影响焦虑和抑郁症状的体验。本研究采用前瞻性设计，考察了新加坡大学生非临床样本中担忧和沉思与症状及应对行为相关的重叠和不同特征。担忧和沉思高度相关，但它们保留了不同的成分，这些成分在不同时间内对焦虑和抑郁症状有不同的预测作用。具体而言，担忧与焦虑和抑郁症状独特相关，而沉思则与抑郁独特相关。与沉思相比，担忧成为预测症状随时间增加的主要认知脆弱因素。关于应对行为，低感知应对效能部分中介了担忧与焦虑和抑郁增加之间的关系。相反，沉思独特地预测了更高的问题回避，这导致抑郁情绪进一步加重。这些结果不仅证明了担忧和沉思在应对行为上的不同特征，还证明了它们对后续症状产生不同影响的不同应对途径。
