Rund B R, Sundet K, Asbjørnsen A, Egeland J, Landrø N I, Lund A, Roness A, Stordal K I, Hugdahl K
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2006 Apr;113(4):350-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2005.00626.x.
The study examined to what degree schizophrenia is characterized by a neuropsychological (NP) test profile specific in shape and level compared with depression and normal functioning.
Fifty-three patients with schizophrenia, 45 with non-psychotic depression, and 50 normals were assessed with a comprehensive NP test battery and clinical instruments. NP test scores were factor analyzed into seven composite scores.
Schizophrenia patients performed significantly below normals across all seven composite scores, whereas depression patients were impaired in two. Verbal memory was most impaired. Sixty-two percent of schizophrenia patients were moderately or severely impaired, the corresponding figure for depression was 28%. Impairment was moderately associated with IQ level and clinical symptom load in schizophrenia, but not in depression.
Schizophrenia is characterized by deficits across a wide range of NP functions. Thirty-eight percent of the patients are within normal limits. A mild and limited NP disturbance is apparent in depression.
本研究考察了与抑郁症和正常功能相比，精神分裂症在神经心理学（NP）测试概况的形状和水平方面具有何种程度的特异性。
使用一套全面的NP测试组合和临床工具对53例精神分裂症患者、45例非精神病性抑郁症患者和50名正常人进行评估。NP测试分数经因素分析得出七个综合分数。
精神分裂症患者在所有七个综合分数上的表现均显著低于正常人，而抑郁症患者在两个分数上表现受损。言语记忆受损最为严重。62%的精神分裂症患者有中度或重度受损，抑郁症患者的相应比例为28%。在精神分裂症中，损伤与智商水平和临床症状负荷中度相关，但在抑郁症中并非如此。
精神分裂症的特征是广泛的NP功能缺陷。38%的患者在正常范围内。抑郁症中存在轻度且有限的NP障碍。
