Sebõk B, Schneider I, Harangi F
Section of Dermatology, Dorozsmai & Co. Medical Ltd, Pécs, Hungary.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006 Apr;20(4):418-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2006.01490.x.
The increase in the incidence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in developed countries has been related to familiar and environmental factors. This survey was undertaken to investigate the family background, birthweight and the home environment of children suffering from AD in order to point out the possible factors that provoke the development of the disease.
The study uses data collected by means of self-administered questionnaires and discusses 461 cases of children (age 0-12) with active skin signs of AD. The control group comprised of 343 children (age 0-12) with no skin signs or positive lifetime history of AD. Associations between familiar and various home environmental factors and the risk of AD were calculated by means of odds ratios.
There were statistically significant positive associations between atopic eczema symptoms and higher birthweight, small households, wall-to-wall carpets, as well as indoor-kept pets. Day-nursery attendance, heating system and indoor smoking, however, did not significantly alter the risk of the disease.
Because of the limitations of a retrospective questionnaire study, further research is needed to confirm these associations and clarify whether they are causative.
发达国家特应性皮炎（AD）发病率的上升与遗传和环境因素有关。本次调查旨在研究AD患儿的家庭背景、出生体重和家庭环境，以指出可能引发该病的因素。
本研究使用通过自填问卷收集的数据，探讨461例有AD皮肤活动体征的儿童（年龄0 - 12岁）。对照组由343例无皮肤体征或AD终生阳性病史的儿童（年龄0 - 12岁）组成。通过比值比计算遗传和各种家庭环境因素与AD风险之间的关联。
特应性湿疹症状与较高出生体重、小家庭规模、满铺地毯以及室内饲养宠物之间存在统计学上显著的正相关。然而，日间托儿所入托、供暖系统和室内吸烟并未显著改变疾病风险。
由于回顾性问卷调查研究存在局限性，需要进一步研究以证实这些关联，并阐明它们是否具有因果关系。
