Zawilska J, Nowak J Z
Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical Academy, Lódź, Poland.
Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 1991;29(1):3-13.
The article shortly reviews literature data and presents our new findings on the regulation of melatonin biosynthesis and level in the vertebrate retina. Special emphasis is given to the role of dopamine as a mediator of the inhibitory effect of light on melatonin synthesis in retinas of lower vertebrates. Other discussed problems include (1) the role of cyclic AMP and calcium ions in the induction of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT; the key regulatory enzyme in melatonin biosynthetic pathway), and (2) feedback regulations and metabolism of retinal melatonin. The presented experimental evidence, compared with similar data obtained for the pineal gland, suggests the existence in the vertebrates retina of some specific for this tissue factors, that locally regulate and control the level of retinal melatonin.
本文简要回顾了文献数据，并展示了我们关于脊椎动物视网膜中褪黑素生物合成和水平调控的新发现。特别强调了多巴胺作为光对低等脊椎动物视网膜褪黑素合成抑制作用的介质的作用。其他讨论的问题包括：（1）环磷酸腺苷和钙离子在血清素N - 乙酰基转移酶（NAT；褪黑素生物合成途径中的关键调节酶）诱导中的作用；（2）视网膜褪黑素的反馈调节和代谢。与松果体获得的类似数据相比，所呈现的实验证据表明，脊椎动物视网膜中存在一些针对该组织的特定因子，这些因子在局部调节和控制视网膜褪黑素的水平。
