Lowe Michael R, Annunziato Rachel A, Markowitz Jessica Tuttman, Didie Elizabeth, Bellace Dara L, Riddell Lynn, Maille Caralynn, McKinney Shortie, Stice Eric
Department of Psychology, Mail Stop 626, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
Appetite. 2006 Jul;47(1):83-90. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2006.03.160. Epub 2006 May 2.
The freshman year of college is a period of heightened risk for weight gain. This study examined measures of restrained eating, disinhibition, and emotional eating as predictors of weight gain during the freshman year. Using Lowe's multi-factorial model of dieting, it also examined three different types of dieting as predictors of weight gain. Sixty-nine females were assessed at three points during the school year. Weight gain during the freshman year averaged 2.1 kg. None of the traditional self-report measures of restraint, disinhibition, or emotional eating were predictive of weight gain. However, both a history of weight loss dieting and weight suppression (discrepancy between highest weight ever and current weight) predicted greater weight gain, and these effects appeared to be largely independent of one another. Individuals who said they were currently dieting to lose weight gained twice as much (5.0 kg) as former dieters (2.5 kg) and three times as much as never dieters (1.6 kg), but the import of this finding was unclear because there was only a small number of current dieters (N = 7). Overall the results indicate that specific subtypes of dieting predicts weight gain during the freshman year better than more global measures of restraint or overeating.
大学一年级是体重增加风险较高的时期。本研究考察了克制饮食、去抑制和情绪化饮食的测量指标，将其作为大一期间体重增加的预测因素。运用洛氏多因素节食模型，该研究还考察了三种不同类型的节食方式作为体重增加的预测因素。在学年中的三个时间点对69名女性进行了评估。大一期间体重增加平均为2.1千克。传统的克制、去抑制或情绪化饮食的自我报告测量指标均不能预测体重增加。然而，减肥节食史和体重抑制（曾经的最高体重与当前体重之间的差异）都能预测更大幅度的体重增加，而且这些影响似乎在很大程度上相互独立。表示目前正在节食减肥的人增重是曾经节食者（2.5千克）的两倍（5.0千克），是从未节食者（1.6千克）的三倍，但这一发现的重要性尚不清楚，因为目前节食者的数量很少（N = 7）。总体而言，结果表明，特定类型的节食方式比更笼统的克制或暴饮暴食测量指标能更好地预测大一期间的体重增加。
